Levodopa is the naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE.
SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CA (carnosic acid) for 18 h, and then co-treated with 400 μM L-dopa for the indicated time points. The results showed that pretreatment of CA attenuated the cell death and nuclear condensation induced by L-dopa. In conclusion, CA ameliorates the development of LID via regulating the D1R signaling and prevents L-dopa-induced apoptotic cell death through modulating the ERK1/2-c-Jun and inducing the parkin._x000D_
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Reference: Front Pharmacol. 2021 Aug 9;12:703894. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34434108/
These results confirm previous findings that rotenone-induced motor and non-motor problems were alleviated by the Active diet (AD). Levodopa showed an additive beneficial effect on rotarod performance in rotenone-treated mice fed with the AD._x000D_
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Reference: Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Aug 3;10:237. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30127735/
L-DOPA (Levodopa) sodium is an orally active metabolic precursor of neurotransmitters dopamine.
