Apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2, also known as AIF-homologous mitochondrion-associated inducer of death or p53-responsive gene 3, is a homolog of apoptosis-inducing factor. Research studies show that it inhibits ferroptosis, a form of cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Therefore, this protein was named as ferroptosis suppressor protein 1. FSP1 is a coenzyme Q10 oxidoreductase and generates the reduced form of, which traps lipid peroxides, leading to the suppression of ferroptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of ferroptosis by FSP1 was shown to be independent of GPX4, another negative regulator of ferroptosis.
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