-NETA

α-NETA is a potent and noncompetitive choline acetyltransferase (ChA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 μM. α-NETA is a potent ALDH1A1 (IC50=0.04 μM) and chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1) antagonist. α-NETA weakly inhibits cholinesterase (ChE; IC50=84 μM) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50=300 μM). α-NETA has anti-cancer activity[1][2].

Originally identified as a substrate (ChA or choline)-noncompetitive, slowly reversible choline acetyltransferase inhibitor (human ChAT/BuChE/AChE IC50 = 88 nM/33.3 μM/48.6 μM; does not affect mAChRs, AChE, ChE, CrAT, ganglionic or skeletal muscular nAChRs), α-NETA is a fluorescent molecule (Ex 255 & 297 nm; Em 427 nm) also known for its trace amine-associated receptor 5 (TAAR5 EC50 = 150 nM) agonist and chemokine-like receptor-1 antagonist (IC50 = 375 nM; 7 nM chemerin-induced CMKLR1 β-ARR2 recruitment) potencies both in cultures and in animal disease models in vivo (3-20 mg/kg via ip. or sc. in rats & mice).

ALDH1; AChE

[1] Sastry BV, et al. Relationships between chemical structure and inhibition of choline acetyltransferase by 2-(alpha-naphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium and related compounds. Pharmacol Res Commun. 1988 Sep;20(9):751-71. DOI:10.1016/s0031-6989(88)80715-x
[2] Graham KL, et al. A novel CMKLR1 small molecule antagonist suppresses CNS autoimmune inflammatory disease. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 1;9(12):e112925. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0112925
[3] Qiao L, et al. α-NETA induces pyroptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer cells through the GSDMD/caspase-4 pathway. FASEB J. 2019 Nov;33(11):12760-12767. DOI:10.1096/fj.201900483RR