Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS)may be used to prepare hydrophobic silica aerogels by sol-gel process.{80} HDTMS was coated upon silica covered aluminum pigments.{81} Metal nanoparticles (CeO2, Fe2O4, TiO2, ZnO) coated with HDTMS form stable dispersions in hydrocarbon solvents. {82} HDTMS may be used to functionalize polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams {84} and graphene.{83}