Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) (E217G) is an estrogen metabolite formed in the liver and subsequently excreted in bile. It acts as a substrate of the multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2; Km = 75 μM), and through MRP2-mediated transport, functions as a cholestatic agent, decreasing bile flow. In addition to binding to the MRP2 transport site, E217G has been shown to bind to an allosteric site that through positive cooperativity activates its own transport via MRP2 and the transport of other MRP2 substrates, including the non-cholestatic estrogen metabolite, estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) (E23G; ). E217G has also been reported to be transported by MDR1, MRP1, MRP3, MRP4, MRP7, ABCG2 (a breast cancer resistance protein transporter), and the rat organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1-4.
