Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P; ) is a bioactive lipid that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities including cell proliferation, survival, migration, cytoskeletal organization, and morphogenesis. It exerts its activity by binding to five distinct G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1/EDG-1, S1P2/EDG-5, S1P3/EDG-3, S1P4/EDG-6, and S1P5/EDG-8. VPC 23019 is an aryl amide-containing S1P analog that acts as a competitive antagonist at both S1P1 and S1P3 receptors (pKis = 7.86 and 5.93, respectively). It can inhibit S1P-induced migration of thyroid cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells, and neural stem cells.
