PFK158 is an inhibitor of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3; IC50 = 137 nM for human recombinant PFKFB3). It inhibits PFKFB3 and glycolysis in Jurkat cells (IC50s = 1.6 and 0.847 μM, respectively). PFK158 inhibits the growth of leukemia cells in vitro (IC50 = 0.33 μM for Jurkat cells) and reduces tumor volume in CT-26 murine colon carcinoma syngeneic model and a BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer mouse xenograft model. PFK158 also enhances activity of the anti-CTLA-4 antibody in the B16/F10 mouse model of melanoma.