(+/-)-4-HYDROXY-2E-NONENAL-D3

4-oxo 2-Nonenal-d3 (4-ONE-d3) contains three deuterium atoms at the terminal methyl position. It is used for an internal standard for the quantification of 4-ONE by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry (MS). 4-ONE is a lipid peroxidation product derived from oxidized ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and linoleic acid. It exhibits various biological activities such as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, growth inhibiting activity, chemotactic activity and has been widely used as a marker of lipid peroxidation . 4-ONE is a recently identified product of lipid peroxidation. It actively modifies histidine and lysine residues on proteins and causes protein cross-linking. 4-ONE also modifies 2'-deoxy guanosine, further implicating lipid peroxidation in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.