(±)-β-Hydroxybutyrate-d4 (sodium salt) contains four deuterium atoms at the 3, 4, 4, and 4 positions. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of (±)-β-hydroxybutyrate (sodium salt) by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry. β-Hydroxybutyrate is a ketone body which is over-produced in ketoacidosis, as can occur with diabetes or alcohol abuse.