Ticarcillin

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H317：알레르기성 피부 반응을 일으킬 수 있음

  H334：흡입 시 알레르기성 반응, 천식 또는 호흡 곤란 등을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P342+P311：호흡기 증상이 나타나면 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.

Ticarcillin 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Temocillin disodium is a broad-spectrum, β-lactamase resistant, injectable penicillin. High serum levels and a five hour half-life allow once or twice-daily dosing.

• 정의

  ChEBI: A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.

• Antimicrobial activity

  Because it is hydrolyzed less rapidly than ampicillin, non-β- lactamase-producing strains of N. gonorrhoeae, ampicillin-susceptible H. influenzae and some Enterobacteriaceae are susceptible. Most aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria are susceptible, with the exception of E. faecalis and β-lactamase-producing Staph. aureus. Anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria including B. fragilis are usually susceptible. Bactericidal synergy with aminoglycosides is demonstrable against Ps. aeruginosa and enterobacteria.

• 원료

  Ticarcillin is generally cross-resistant with carbenicillin. It is somewhat stable to hydrolysis by AmpC-mediated β-lactamases of Gram-negative bacilli, but can be hydrolyzed by most other chromosomally and plasmid-mediated enzymes unless protected by a β-lactamase inhibitor.

• Pharmacokinetics

  Oral absorption: Negligible
  C_max 1 g intramuscular: 35 mg/L after 1 h
  Plasma half-life: 1.3 h
  Volume of distribution: 0.21 L/kg
  Plasma protein binding: 50–60%
  Absorption and distribution
  It is not orally absorbed. On parenteral co-administration with gentamicin, the plasma concentration of ticarcillin is unaffected, but the concentration of gentamicin is lowered. It enters the serous fluids, providing concentrations up to 60% of those of the plasma. It does not cross the normal meninges but levels of up to 50% of those of the plasma can be found in meningitis.
  Metabolism and excretion
  Up to 15% is excreted as penicilloic acid, a higher percentage than for carbenicillin (up to 5%). Some is excreted in the bile, producing levels 2–3 times those in the plasma, but the main route of excretion is through the kidneys (80%), principally as unchanged drug, appearing in the urine in the first 6 h. It is more rapidly eliminated in children with cystic fibrosis.

• Clinical Use

  Serious infection, including septicemia, respiratory tract infections, genitourinary tract infections and skin and soft-tissue infections caused by susceptible bacteria

• 부작용

  As with all penicillins, hypersensitivity reactions may occur, but are less frequent and severe than those associated with benzylpenicillin. Rashes and eosinophilia occur; reversible abnormalities of liver function can develop. Since large doses of the drug have to be used, convulsions can occur, as with other penicillins, and being a disodium salt, electrolyte disturbances can result from the sodium load and from loss of potassium.

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