라모플라닌

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H318：눈에 심한 손상을 일으킴

• 예방조치문구

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

라모플라닌 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Ramoplanin (A 16686, A16686A, MDL 62198) is a novel oral nonabsorbable 17-amino-acid cyclic lipoglycodepsipeptide antibiotic from Biosearch Italy. Ramoplanin is an antibiotic complex, first identified in 1984, that was isolated from the fermentation broth of Actinoplanes sp. ATCC 33076. It is a mixture of three closely related compounds, ramoplanin A1–A3, which differ only in the acyl group attached to the Asn-1 N-terminus; ramoplanin A2 is the most abundant.

• 용도

  Ramoplanin is a potent cyclic lipoglycodepsipeptide antibiotic that exhibits wide spectrum of antibiotic properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

• Antimicrobial activity

  Ramoplanin displays activity against aerobic and anaerobic Grampositive bacteria by preventing cell wall peptidoglycan formation through binding to a key intermediate moiety, lipid II, and thereby disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis. The primary use of ramoplanin is in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infections.

• Mechanism of action

  The mechanism of action of ramoplanin involves sequestration of peptidoglycan biosynthesis lipid intermediates, thus physically occluding these substrates from proper utilization by the latestage peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzymes MurG and the transglycosylases (TGases). Ramoplanin is structurally related to two cell wall-active lipodepsipeptide antibiotics, janiemycin and enduracidin, and is functionally related to members of the lantibiotic class of antimicrobial peptides (mersacidin, actagardine, nisin, and epidermin) and glycopeptide antibiotics. As a consequence of its unique mechanism of action, cross-resistance with existing glycopeptides and beta-lactam antibiotics has not been observed.

• Pharmacokinetics

  Ramoplanin is not absorbed from the intestinal tract. When ramoplanin (200 and 400 mg) was administered orally to two groups of healthy volunteers over a period of 10 days, no ramoplanin could be detected in plasma and urine. With the 200-mg dose, concentrations in stools varied between 467 and 1043 mg/g, and with the 400-mg dose, concentrations were between 765 and 2032 mg/g. Results from an in vitro gut model and hamster model revealed that ramoplanin may be more effective than vancomycin at killing spores and preventing spore recrudescence.

• Toxicology

  When administered orally in a double-blind randomized placebocontrolled study, no adverse reactions were observed in patients receiving two daily doses of ramoplanin (100 or 400 mg) in comparison with the placebo. Single and repeated topical application in ten healthy human volunteers revealed very low irritation rates and no sensitization after 21 days.
  

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