Levocetirizine

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H302：삼키면 유해함

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

Levocetirizine 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  The (R)-enantiomer of the second-generation antihistamine cetirizine, levocetirizine, was first introduced in Germany for seasonal allergic rhinitis (including ocular symptoms), perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. The dihydrochloride salt can be prepared in four steps from optically active 4-chlorobenzhydrylamine obtained by resolution of its racemate with (+)-tartaric acid. Levocetirizine (eutomer) is a 2-fold more potent H₁ antagonist than cetirizine whereas the other enantiomer (distomer) is 10-fold less potent compared to levocetirizine. Pharmacodynamic studies on healthy volunteers showed that compared to cetirizine, half the dose of levocetirizine (5 mg) was necessary to obtain similar inhibitory effects in the skin test of histamine-induced wheal and flare as well as on histamine-induced nasal congestion and nasal resistance. There was no evidence of chiral inversion of levocetirizine in vivo in several species including human. The daily dose of drug is rapidly and extensively absorbed in human. Interestingly, its volume of distribution (0.41 kg/L) is smaller than that of the distomer (0.60 kg/L). The low volume of distribution is considered as favorable for an antihistamine both in terms of efficacy and safety. Due to its high metabolic stability and lack of effect on the activities of the major CYP isoenzymes, levocetirizine is unlikely to cause interactions with other administered drugs. No clinically relevant effect on electrocardiograms of healthy volunteers was detected.

• 화학적 성질

  Off-White Solid

• 용도

  A nonsedating type histamine H1-receptor antagonist. A major metabolite of Hydroxyzine. Pharmacological activity resides primarily in the (R)-isomer. Antihystaminic.

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