휘발유

한글명:휘발유

카스 번호8006-61-9

상품명:gasoline

CBNumberCB52130573

포뮬러 무게0

MOL 파일Mol file

동의어(한글)

가솔린

휘발유

가솔린, 천연

화학적 성질

녹는점	-95.4--90.5 °C
끓는 점	32-210 °C
밀도	0.70-0.80 g/cm3
물리적 상태	Liquid gasoline is a complex mixture of at least 150 hydrocarbons with about 60–70% alkanes, 25–30% aromatics, and 6–9% alkenes. The small-chain, low-carbonnumbered components are more volatile and thus in higher percentages in the vapor phase than the larger and heavier molecules. The concentrations of aromatics, the more toxic of the components, are depleted to about 2% in the vapor phase. The light alkanes, the less toxic components, are enriched to about 90%. Benzene is also present and represents a component of major concern.
Dielectric constant	2.0（Ambient）
EPA	Natural gasoline (8006-61-9)

위험 및 안전 성명

유해 물질 데이터

8006-61-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

NFPA 704:

	3
1		0

그림문자(GHS)

휘발유 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요
Gasoline is a product of petroleum refining that varies in composition and often includes additives such as antiknock agents, antioxidants, lubricants, and detergents. Tetraethyl lead was one of these additives, and use of leaded gasoline as fuel was responsible for much of the human body burden of this metal for a number of years. However, the phase out of lead from gasoline during the past three decades (in the United States and Europe) has led to an over 90% reduction in human blood lead levels. More recently, other additives such as methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl and methyl t-butyl ether have been foci of concern because of possible adverse environmental impacts of these compounds.
화학적 성질
Gasoline is a highly flammable, mobile liquid with a characteristic odor. A complex mixture of volatile hydrocarbons (paraffins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics). Physical property values may vary depending on grade. The Odor Threshold is 0.25 ppm.
용도
The distillation ranges of gasoline are specified for the particular application, mainly the reciprocating, spark ignition, and internal combustion engines. To serve specific purposes, various functional additives are blended into gasolines. These consist of antiknock fluids, antioxidants, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, anti-icing agents, preignition preventors, upper cylinder lubricants, dyes, and decolorizers (161). Probably the most critical property is the octane number, supplied with high octane hydrocarbons and lead compounds. The major components are primarily paraffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics, and more recently 10–40% ethyl alcohol. The distillation from initial to final boiling point ranges from about 32 to 225℃(90 to 437°F), and the explosive limits are 1.31–6.0%.
정의
A mixture of volatile hydrocarbons suitable for use in a spark-ignited internal-combustion engine and having an octane number of at least 60. The major components are branched-chain paraffins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics. There are several methods of pr
반응 프로필
GASOLINE may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents such as nitric acid, peroxides, and perchlorates. Charring may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, mostly unreactive. Not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. When heated sufficiently or when ignited in the presence of air, oxygen or strong oxidizing agents, burns exothermically to produce carbon dioxide and water.
건강위험
INHALATION causes irritation of upper respiratory tract; central nervous system stimulation followed by depression of varying degrees ranging from dizziness, headache, and incoordination to anesthesia, coma, and respiratory arrest; irregular heartbeat is dangerous complication. ASPIRATION causes severe lung irritation with coughing, gagging, dyspnea, substernal distress, and rapidly developing pulmonary edema; later, signs of bronchopneumonia and pneumonitis; acute onset of central nervous system followed by depression. INGESTION causes irritation of mucous membranes of throat, esophagus, and stomach; stimulation followed by depression of central nervous system; irregular heartbeat.
공업 용도
Gasoline is a colorless liquid hydrocarbonobtained in the fractional distillation of petroleum.It is used chiefly as motor fuel, but alsoas a solvent. Ordinary gasoline consists of thehydrocarbons between C₆H₁₄ and C₁₀H₂₂, whichdistill off between the temperatures 69 and174°C, usually having the light limit at heptane,C₇H₁₆,or octane, C₈H₁₈.The octane number isthe standard of measure of detonation in theengine. Motor fuel, or the general name gasoline,before the wide use of high-octane gasolinesobtained by catalytic cracking meant anyhydrocarbon mixture that could be used as afuel in an internal-combustion engine by sparkignition without being sucked in as a liquid andwithout being so volatile as to cause imperfectcombustion and carbon deposition. Theseincluded also mixtures of gasoline with alcoholor benzol.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: cough, conjunctiva irritation, hallucinations or distorted per ceptions. Repeated or prolonged dermal ex posure causes dermatitis. Can cause blister ing of skin. Inhalation or ingestion can cause central nervous system depression. Pulmon ary aspiration can cause severe pneumonitis. Some addiction has been reported from inhalation of fumes. Even brief inhalations of high concentrations can cause a fatal pulmonary edema. The vapors are consider ed to be moderately poisonous. If its con-centration in air is sufficiently high to reduce the oxygen content below that needed to maintain life, it acts as a simple asphyxiant. A human eye irritant. Gasohe is a common air contaminant. A very dangerous fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fKe, use foam, CO2, dry chemical.
잠재적 노출
Gasoline is used as a fuel, diluent, and solvent throughout industry.
환경귀착
Since gasoline is a mixture, no simple summary can address the fates of all of the components. However, many of the toxicologically significant components are volatile and so are lost to the atmosphere after being released to surface soil or surface water. These compounds are then subject to photochemical oxidation.
In addition, these components can leach through the soil and contaminate groundwater where they may remain for long periods of time. Under aerobic conditions, biodegradation of gasoline components can occur in soil and surface water.
운송 방법
UN1203 Gasoline includes gasoline mixed with ethyl alcohol, with not >10% alcohol, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
비 호환성
May form explosive mixture with air. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitric acid. May accumulate static elec trical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
폐기물 처리
Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinera tor equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed. Alternatively, gasoline vapors may be recovered from fuel transfer operations by various techniques.

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