알파-헥사클로로시클로헥산

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H301：삼키면 유독함

  H312：피부와 접촉하면 유해함

  H351：암을 일으킬 것으로 의심됨 (노출되어도 암을 일으키지 않는다는 결정적인 증거가 있는 노출경로가 있다면 노출경로 기재)

  H410：장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 매우 유독함

• 예방조치문구

  P202：모든 안전 조치 문구를 읽고 이해하기 전에는 취급하지 마시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P273：환경으로 배출하지 마시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P301+P310：삼켰다면 즉시 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.

알파-헥사클로로시클로헥산 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  BHC is a white-to-brownish crystalline solid with a musty, phosgene-like odor.

• 물리적 성질

  Brownish to white monoclinic prisms, crystalline solid or powder with a phosgene-like odor (technical grade). An odor threshold concentration of 88 μg/kg was reported by Sigworth (1964).

• 용도

  α-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane is an organochloride which is one of the isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane and is an byproduct of insecticide Lindane (L465990).

• 일반 설명

  White crystalline powder.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Insoluble in water.

• 반응 프로필

  Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as ALPHA-HCH, are moderately or very reactive. Reactivity generally decreases with increased degree of substitution of halogen for hydrogen atoms. Materials in this group may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they may be incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides.

• 건강위험

  ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Carcinogen. Toxic. Irritant. Hazardous decomposition product.

• 화재위험

  Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

• Safety Profile

  ConfEmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison by ingestion. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE and other benzenehexachloride entries.

• 잠재적 노출

  The major commercial usage of BHC is based upon its insecticidal properties. α-BCH is used as an Agricultural chemical, pesticide, pharmaceutical, and veterinary drug. The 7-isomer has the highest acute toxic ity, but the other isomers are not without activity. It is gen erally advantageous to purify the 7-isomer from the less active isomers. The γ-isomer acts on the nervous system of insects, principally at the level of the nerve ganglia. As a result, lindane has been used against insects in a wide range of applications including treatment of animals, buildings, humans for ectoparasites, clothes; water for mosquitoes; living plants; seeds and soils. Some applications have been abandoned due to excessive residues, e.g., stored food stuffs. By voluntary action, the principal domestic producer of technical grade BHC requested cancellation of its BHC registrations on September 1, 1976. As of July 21, 1978, all registrants of pesticide products containing BHC voluntar ily canceled their registrations or switched their former BHC products to lindane formulations.

• 환경귀착

  Biological. Clostridium sphenoides degraded α-BHC to δ-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclo hexane (Heritage and MacRae, 1977a). In four successive 7-day incubation periods, α- BHC (5 and 10 mg/L) was recalcitrant to degradation in a settled domestic wastewater inoculum (Tabak et al., 1981).
  Soil. Under aerobic conditions, indigenous microbes in contaminated soil produced pentachlorocyclohexane. However, under methanogenic conditions, α-BHC was converted to chlorobenzene, 3,5-dichlorophenol and the tentatively identified compound 2,4
  Photolytic. When an aqueous solution containing α-BHC was photooxidized by UV light at 90–95°C, 25, 50 and 75% degraded to carbon dioxide after 4.2, 24.2 and 40.0 hours, respectively (Knoevenagel and Himmelreich, 1976). In basic, aqueous solution
  Chemical/Physical. Emits very toxic chloride fumes when heated to decomposition (Lewis, 1990). α-BHC will hydrolyze via trans-dehydrochlorination of the axial chlorines resulting in the formation of hydrochloric acid and the intermediate 1,3,4,5,6-pentachlo rocyclo-hexene. The intermediate will undergo further hydrolysis resulting in the formation of 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and hydrochloric acid (Kollig, 1993).

• 운송 방법

  UN2761 Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

• Purification Methods

  Crystallise it from EtOH. Purify it also by zone melting. Possible CANCER AGENT, TOXIC. [: Beilstein 1 H 23, : Beilstein 5 I 8, many isomers : Beilstein 5 III 41, 5 IV 55.]

• 비 호환성

  Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Decomposes on contact with powdered iron, aluminum, zinc, and on contact with strong bases producing trichlorobenzene.

• 폐기물 처리

  A process has been developed for the destructive pyrolysis of benzene hexachloride @ 400 500℃ with a catalyst mixture which contains 5 10% of either cupric chloride, ferric chloride; zinc chloride; or aluminum chloride on activated carbon.

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