메포바르비탈

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H225：고인화성 액체 및 증기

  H370：장기(또는, 영향을 받은 알려진 모든 장기를 명시)에 손상을 일으킴(노출되어도 특정 표적장기 독성을 일으키지 않는다는 결정적인 노출경로가 있다면 노출경로를 기재)

• 예방조치문구

  P210：열·스파크·화염·고열로부터 멀리하시오 - 금연 하시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

메포바르비탈 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  White Crystalline Solid

• 용도

  Controlled substance (depressant). Anticonvulsant; sedative; hypnotic

• 정의

  ChEBI: A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.

• 일반 설명

  Mephobarbital, 3-methyl-5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (metharbital), is metabolicallyN-demethylated to phenobarbital, which many consider toaccount for almost all of the activity. Its principal use is asan anticonvulsant.

• Clinical Use

  Mephobarbital is a barbiturate-derivative AED with a pKa of 7.7 (log P = 1.84 at pH 7.4). Approximately 50% of an oral dose of mephobarbital is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The plasma concentrations required for its therapeutic effects are unknown. The principal route of mephobarbital metabolism is N-demethylation by the liver to form phenobarbital, which may be excreted in the urine unchanged and as its p-hydroxy metabolite and glucuronide or sulfate conjugates. Conversion to the 4-hydroxy metabolite is stereoselective, being catalyzed by either CYP2C19 (R-enantiomer) or CYP2B6 (S-enantiomer); individuals who are CYP2C19 poor metabolizers show decreased clearance. Approximately 75% of a single oral dose of mephobarbital is converted to phenobarbital. It has not been determined whether mephobarbital contributes to the antiseizure effect or whether it results from its active metabolite, phenobarbital. Similarly, it is unclear whether mephobarbital, like phenobarbital, is a potent inducer of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of other drugs, but because the drug is chemically and pharmacologically similar to phenobarbital and is metabolized to phenobarbital, this possibility is likely.
  Mephobarbital is less commonly used in the treatment of generalized and partial seizures. Like phenobarbital, it is classified as a long-acting barbiturate. No evidence exists that it is more effective than phenobarbital in equivalent doses; however, it may be less sedating in children.

• Safety Profile

  Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. A human teratogen by an unspecified route with developmental abnormalities of the cardovascular (circulatory) system. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic NOx. See also BARBITURATES.

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