Iodophors (Acu-Dyne, Aerodine, Betadine, Iodex, Operand, Polydine). These consist
of a water-soluble organic complex of iodine with a carrier that slowly liberates
iodine on contact with reducing substances in body tissues. These broad-range germicidal
antiseptics are effective against bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and yeast.
They are water soluble, nonirritating, and nonstinging but may lose effectiveness
on contact with whole blood or serum. They are often used for preoperative skin
cleansing and surgical scrubbing because their sustained action provides protection
even through lengthy procedures. They are also used in treating skin infections
and burns. They are available in many vehicles. The solubilizing carrier substances
include polyvinyl–pyrrolidone (povidone-iodine, as in Betadine products or available
as generics) and poloxamer–iodine complexes. Because iodophors may be
absorbed through the skin, they should be avoided in neonates or in patients with
thyroid disorders. Also, extensive use for prolonged periods should be minimized.
Iodine preparations may slow wound healing on actively granulating tissue.
