Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin

Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin (HMG), also known as Menotropins, is a combination of FSH and LH extracted from the urine of postmenopausal women at a ratio of 1 : 1. HMG is a gonadotropin administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection for the treatment of infertility in women or men.

• 용도

  Gonad-stimulating principle.

• 일반 설명

  Pituitary hormones prepared from the urine of postmenopausalwomen whose ovarian tissue does not respondto gonadotropin are available for medicinal use as theproduct menotropins (Pergonal). The latter has FSH andLH gonadotropin activity in a 1:1 ratio. Menotropins areuseful in the treatment of anovular women whose ovariesrespond to pituitary gonadotropins but who have a gonadotropindeficiency caused by either pituitary or hypothalamusmalfunction. Usually, menotropins are administeredintramuscularly in an initial dose of 75 IU of FSHand 75 IU of LH daily for 9 to 12 days, followed by 10,000IU of chorionic gonadotropin 1 day after the last dose ofmenotropins.

• Mechanism of action

  Human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), which contains follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), can secrete gonadotropin to promote follicle maturation to stimulate ovulation and accelerate the development of corpus luteum.HMG is derived from the urine of postmenopausal women[1].

• Clinical Use

  Menotropins are a natural product that is obtained from the urine of postmenopausal women and then biologically standardized (international units [IU]) for FSH and LH activities in an approximate ratio of 1:1. Menotropins are used in males with primary (hypothalamic) or secondary (pituitary) hypogonadism to stimulate spermatogenesis, providing they have been treated previously with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; a peptide hormone of placental origin that has activity very similar to LH) to effect masculinization (increased testosterone inducing ovulation in women who are having difficulty ovulating as a result of either hypothalamic or pituitary hormonal dysfunction. The menotropins are given for 7 to 12 days, and after clinical evaluation (via ultrasound) indicates the presence of a mature follicle, a single dose of hCG is given to simulate the typical LH surge that normally triggers ovulation. Also, women use the combination of menotropins and hCG to promote the development of multiple follicles when they are participating in an IVF program requiring the recruitment of follicles.

• 부작용

  Side effects: Headache, mild stomach pain/bloating, redness/pain at the injection site, breast tenderness, or dizziness may occur.
  Serious side effects, including: vaginal bleeding, flu-like symptoms (such as fever, chills, joint pain, muscle ache, tiredness).

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