아이소옥사풀루톨

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H410：장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 매우 유독함

• 예방조치문구

  P202：모든 안전 조치 문구를 읽고 이해하기 전에는 취급하지 마시오.

  P273：환경으로 배출하지 마시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P308+P313：노출 또는 접촉이 우려되면 의학적인 조치· 조언를 구하시오.

  P391：누출물을 모으시오.

  P405：밀봉하여 저장하시오.

아이소옥사풀루톨 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Isoxaflutole is a 4-benzoyl isoxazole molecule and is used as a pre- and early post-emergence herbicide for the control of a wide range of important broadleaf and grass weeds in maize (Zea mays), both in Europe and in North America. It is also registered for use in sugarcane in Central and South America (2–4). It causes characteristic bleaching of newly developed tissues of susceptible species followed by growth cessation and necrosis. Marketed as Balance for corn (maize) in the United States, and Merlin for corn in Europe; and in sugarcane, it mixes well with metolachlor, acetochlor, dimethenamid, and atrazine to complete the weed spectrum and to reduce the application rates of the latter compounds (2). Isoxaflutole also controls triazineresistant weeds in the field (4).

• 용도

  Isoxaflutole is an pesticide used to selectively control both grass and broad-leaved weeds in maize and sugar cane. Isoxaflutole is known to work by inhibiting the enzyme 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) which results in the disruption of pigment biosynthesis.

• Pharmacology

  Isoxaflutole is readily taken up by roots and foliar tissues and then rapidly degraded to a diketonitrile derivative (2-cyclopropyl-3-(2-mesyl-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)- 3-oxo propanenitrile) , which is translocated throughout the plant via xylem and phloem (2,3,6,8). It is this metabolite that inhibits HPPD (7), thereby depleting the plastoquinone pools in developing leaves. Plastoquinone is a cofactor in the desaturation of phytoene, levels of which increase in bleached leaves, concomitant with decreases in colored carotenoids (6). Although bleaching is the primary symptom associated with HPPD inhibition, subsequent growth suppression and necrosis are also believed to be a consequence (8).
  Isoxaflutole also degrades to the diketonitrile derivative in the soil (3,8). The half-life of isoxaflutole in soil is dependent on soil type, pH, and moisture, ranging from 12 hours to 3 days under laboratory conditions (8). The physicochemical properties of isoxaflutole and of diketonitrile play an important role in both soil and herbicidal activity and selectivity (8).

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