LL-37

LL-37 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  LL-37, Human acetate is a 37-residue, amphipathic, cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

• 용도

  L 37 (human) is a 37 amino acid host defense peptide originating from the C-terminal of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP, hCAP18). This peptide possesses antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties, along with physiological functions in chemotaxis, wound healing, and angiogenesis. Beyond its antimicrobial capabilities, LL 37 (human) influences various pathways in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, playing a role in the development of lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. As a binding partner to Aβ42, the expression of LL 37 (human) affects the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, LL 37 has a notable role in human cancer, promoting tumorigenic effects in ovarian, lung, breast, prostate, pancreatic cancers, and malignant melanoma.

• benefits

  LL-37 is an important part of the human immune system, which can resist various pathogens. A plethora of experiments have demonstrated that it has the multifunctional effects of immune regulation, in addition to antimicrobial activity.  Significantly boosts immune function; Fights inflammation; Prevents cancer progression; Accelerates wound healing; Lowers the risk of heart disease; Prevents lung injury; Promotes bone repair.
  
  

• 생물학적 활성

  LL 37 is an antimicrobial peptide derivative of human cathelicidin. Induces FPRL1-mediated chemotaxis of human neutrophils, monocytes and T cells in vitro. Promotes wound healing following skin-targeted electroporation of a plasmid encoding hCAP-18/LL-37 in mice. LL 37 reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking the receptor binding domain of the S1 spike protein (Kd = 11.2 nM) and by binding to ACE2 (Kd = 25.5.nM). LL 37 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirion infection (IC50 = 4.74 μg/mL) in vitro and in vivo. Also triggers apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Cell permeable.

• 부작용

  LL-37 side effects are very uncommon. LL-37 induced apparent rosacea symptoms, erythema, and telangiectasia on the skin. Side effects associated with LL-37 may include the following:
  Increased inflammation
  Induction of autoimmune disease
  Depression
  Damage to sperm surface membranes

• 참고 문헌

  [1]Kahlenberg and Kaplan (2013) Little peptide, big effects: the role of LL-37 in inflammation and autoimmune disease. J. Immunol. 191(10) 4895 PMID: 24185823
  [2]Bandurska et al (2015) Unique features of human cathelicidin LL‐37. BioFactors 41 289 PMID: 26434733
  [3]Chen et al (2018) Roles and Mechanisms of Human Cathelicidin LL-37 in Cancer. Cell Physiol.Biochem. 47 1060 PMID: 29843147
  [4]Vierthaler et al (2020) Fluctuating role of antimicrobial peptide hCAP18/LL?37 in oral tongue dysplasia and carcinoma. Oncol. Rep. 44 325 PMID: 32627035
  [5]Wang, Guangshun. “Structures of human host defense cathelicidin LL-37 and its smallest antimicrobial peptide KR-12 in lipid micelles.” The Journal of Biological Chemistry 283 47 (2008): 32637–43.

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