Toosendanin

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H301：삼키면 유독함

• 예방조치문구

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P270：이 제품을 사용할 때에는 먹거나, 마시거나 흡연하지 마시오.

  P301+P310：삼켰다면 즉시 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.

  P321：(…) 처치를 하시오.

  P330：입을 씻어내시오.

  P405：밀봉하여 저장하시오.

  P501：...에 내용물 / 용기를 폐기 하시오.

Toosendanin 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Fructus Meliae Toosendan (chuan lian zi), the fruit of Melia toosendan Sieb. Et Zucc, is mainly produced in Sichuan, Hubei, Henan, and Hunan province in China .
  Toosendanin is a tetracyclic triterpene compound extracted from fructus toosendan. It is an ascaridole agent and showed anti-botulinum, antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is also a neuromuscular blocking agent.

• 물리적 성질

  Appearance: white acicular crystal, colorless, bitter, and odorless. Solubility: soluble in ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, pyridine, etc., and slightly soluble in hot water, chloroform, benzene, and ether and insoluble in petroleum ether.

• 역사

  Toosendanin is the main chemical composition of the fructus toosendan. Researches on this compound could date back to 1953. Toosendanin has been named in 1955, while its structure was identified 20 years later by mass spectrometry. Toosendanin is a triterpenoid derivative containing a β-substituted furan ring . A new synthetic strategy is put forth allowing access to a 4-acetoxy CD fragment analogue of toosendanin, which was achieved from mesityl oxide and acetylacetone in 14 steps in 2009 .
  The anti-parasite of toosendanin was reported in 1971. In 1980, it was identified as a selective neuromuscular blocking agent that acts on neuromuscular junction . The anti-botulinum effect of toosendanin was discovered in 1982 . In recent years, it is also observed that toosendanin can induce differentiation and apoptosis . Toosendanin could inhibit the growth of feeding larvae and insects. It has been used as pollution-free, no residue of botanical insecticides for the production of fruits and vegetables in China .

• 용도

  Toosendanin is a triterpenoid derivative, acts as a novel agonist of L-type Ca2+ channels in neonatal rat ventricular cells.

• Indications

  Insecticide

• Pharmacology

  By interfering with neurotransmitter release and causing an initial facilitated diffusion toosendanin eventually blocks synaptic transmission at both the neuromuscular junction and central synapses.
  Toosendanin is sharing many similar actions with botulinum neurotoxin on blocking neuromuscular transmission, but it has very low biological activity compared with botulinum neurotoxin. Studies suggest that the anti-botulinum effect is achieved by preventing botulinum neurotoxin from approaching its enzymatic substrate, SNARE protein.
  Toosendanin can induce differentiation and apoptosis in several cell lines and suppress proliferation of various human cancer cells. It inhibits K+ channel and facilitates L-type Ca2+ channel, which is associated with parts of its biological activities .
  In a word, activities of toosendanin include selective neuromuscular blocking, effectively antagonizing botulism, inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of various human cancer cells, inhibiting feeding and development in insects, and modifying K+ and Ca2+ channel activity.

• Clinical Use

  Fructus Meliae Toosendan is a traditional Chinese medicine which is still used in internal medicine.

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