メチルイソシアナート

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H225：引火性の高い液体および蒸気

  H301：飲み込むと有毒

  H311：皮膚に接触すると有毒

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H317：アレルギー性皮膚反応を起こすおそれ

  H318：重篤な眼の損傷

  H330：吸入すると生命に危険

  H334：吸入するとアレルギー、喘息または、呼吸困難 を起こすおそれ

  H335：呼吸器への刺激のおそれ

• 注意書き

  P210：熱/火花/裸火/高温のもののような着火源から遠ざ けること。－禁煙。

  P233：容器を密閉しておくこと。

  P240：容器を接地すること/アースをとること。

  P241：防爆型の電気機器/換気装置/照明機器/．．．機器を使 用すること。

  P242：火花を発生させない工具を使用すること。

  P243：静電気放電に対する予防措置を講ずること。

  P260：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーを吸入しないこ と。

  P261：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P270：この製品を使用する時に、飲食または喫煙をしないこ と。

  P271：屋外または換気の良い場所でのみ使用すること。

  P272：汚染された作業衣は作業場から出さないこと。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P284：呼吸用保護具を着用すること。

  P285：換気が十分でない場合には、呼吸用保護具を着用する こと。

  P301+P310：飲み込んだ場合：直ちに医師に連絡すること。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

  P303+P361+P353：皮膚（または髪）に付着した場合：直ちに汚染された衣 類をすべて脱ぐこと/取り除くこと。皮膚を流水/シャワー で洗うこと。

  P304+P340：吸入した場合：空気の新鮮な場所に移し、呼吸しやすい 姿勢で休息させること。

  P304+P341：吸入した場合：呼吸が困難な場合には、空気の新鮮な場 所に移し、呼吸しやすい姿勢で休息させること。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

  P310：ただちに医師に連絡すること。

  P312：気分が悪い時は医師に連絡すること。

  P320：特別な治療が緊急に必要である（このラベ ルの．．．を見よ）。

  P321：特別な処置が必要である（このラベルの．．． を見よ）。

  P322：特別な処置が必要である（このラベルの．．． を見よ）。

  P330：口をすすぐこと。

  P332+P313：皮膚刺激が生じた場合：医師の診断/手当てを受けるこ と。

  P333+P313：皮膚刺激または発疹が生じた場合：医師の診断/手当てを 受けること。

  P342+P311：呼吸に関する症状が出た場合：医師に連絡すること。

  P361：汚染された衣類をすべて脱ぐこと。

  P362：汚染された衣類を脱ぎ、再使用す場合には洗濯をすること。

  P363：汚染された衣類を再使用す場合には洗濯をすること。

  P370+P378：火災の場合：消火に．．．を使用すること。

  P403+P233：換気の良い場所で保管すること。容器を密閉 しておくこと。

  P403+P235：換気の良い場所で保管すること。涼しいところに 置くこと。

  P405：施錠して保管すること。

  P501：内容物/容器を．．．に廃棄すること。

メチルイソシアナート 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 用途

  医薬?農薬中間体 (化学工業日報社)

• 説明

  Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NCO. MIC is an extremely toxic, colorless, highly flammable liquid that evaporates quickly when exposed to the air and has a sharp, strong odor. It is hazardous to human health, and was involved in the Bhopal disaster in December 1984, which resulted in the deaths of more than 2250 individuals, with another 50 000 incapacitated, and about 100 000 treated in area hospitals.

• 化学的特性

  colourless liquid

• 物理的性質

  Clear, colorless, very flammable, posionous liquid with a sharp, unpleasant, penetrating odor. Odor threshold concentration is 2.1 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983).

• 使用

  In organic synthesis; in manufacture of carbamate pesticides.

• 調製方法

  Methyl isocyanate is reacted with 1-naphthol to produce the carbamate insecticide carbaryl and with α-methylthioisobutyrladoxime in the industrial synthesis of aldicarb.

• 定義

  ChEBI: The isocyanate that is methane modified by a single isocyanato substituent.

• 空気と水の反応

  Highly flammable. Reacts exothermically with water to produce carbon dioxide, methylamine, dimethylurea and/or trimethylbiuret. Heat of reaction causes evolution of the vapors of the isocyanate. Reaction is relatively slow below 20°C but becomes violent at more elevated temperatures or in the presence of acids and bases.

• 反応プロフィール

  Airborne vapors of METHYLISOCYANATE 1 X 500MG NEAT are explosive when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. Vapor may ignite on contact with strong oxidizing agents. Emits toxic fumes of nitriles and oxides of nitrogen when heated to decomposition [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 860]. Caused the death of thousands in 1984 in Bhopal, India when released accidentally as a vapor following an exothermic reaction caused by contamination with water [Chem. Eng. News, 1985, 63(6), p. 27]. Reacts rapidly with acids and bases (including amines). May polymerize in contact with iron, tin, copper and certain other catalysts such as triphenylarsenic oxide, triethyl phosphine and tributyltin oxide. Polymerizes at elevated temperatures. Attacks some plastics, rubbers, and coatings [NTP].

• 危険性

  Flammable, dangerous fire risk. Toxic byskin absorption and a strong eye and upper respira-tory tract irritant.

• 健康ハザード

  METHYLISOCYANATE 1 X 500MG NEAT is a skin irritant and can cause permanent eye damage. A concentration of 2 ppm has been reported toxic in humans. METHYLISOCYANATE 1 X 500MG NEAT attacks the respiratory system, eyes and skin. It can injure the lungs and bronchial airways, cause permanent eye damage, and death. Death has been attributed to various forms of respiratory distress.

• 火災危険

  Reacts violently with water. Extremely flammable; may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Container may explode violently in heat of fire. Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors, or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. When heated to decomposition, METHYLISOCYANATE 1 X 500MG NEAT emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides. Avoid water, acids, alkali, amines, iron, tin, copper, and other catalysts. Avoid heat, flame, oxidizers, water. Hazardous polymerization may occur. METHYLISOCYANATE 1 X 500MG NEAT (MIC) will react with water, or in the presence of catalysts (such as sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, triphenylarsine, triethyl phosphine, metallic chlorides) to form either a cyclic trimer (trimethyl isocyanurate) or a gummy, resinous polymer. These reactions are exothermic, producing about 540 Btu per pound of MIC. Heat produced in these reactions may result in pressure build up and rupturing of tanks.

• 安全性プロファイル

  Poison by inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Human systemic effects by inhalation: conjunctiva irritation, olfactory and pulmonary changes. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. A severe eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant and a sensitizer. It can be absorbed through the skin. Exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can cause blindness; lung damage, including edema, permanent fibrosis, emphysema, and bronchitis; and gynecological effects. Most deaths are a result of lung tissue damage. This was the predominant cause of death in the release of MIC in 1984 at Bhopal, India. Effects of cyanide poisoning have been noted but this may be due to impurities. A flammable liquid and a very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxiduers. To fight fire, use spray, foam, CO2, dry chemical. Exothermic reaction with water. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-.

• 職業ばく露

  Methyl isocyanate is used in carbamates and as chemical intermediate; in the manufacture of a wide variety of pesticides; in the production of polyurethane foams and plastics. A release of this chemical was involved in the world’s largest chemical accident, causing the death of thousands of industrial workers in 1984 in Bhopal, India.

• 発がん性

  Genetic and Related Cellular Effects Studies. Mason et al. found that methyl isocyanate did not induce mutagenic response in the Salmonella assay under test conditions. It was also negative in the Drosophila test for sex-linked recessive lethal mutations; however, it was positive in the cultured CHO cells. Mason et al. found that methyl isocyanate was positive in the mouse lymphoma assay.

• 環境運命予測

  Chemical/Physical. Reacts with water forming 1,3-dimethylurea and carbon dioxide. In excess water, the hydrolysis half-life is 9 min. (Castro et al., 1985)

• 輸送方法

  UN2480 Methyl isocyanate Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, 3-Flammable liquid, Inhalation Hazard Zone A

• 不和合性

  Highly flammable liquid. Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Rapid reaction in presence of acid, alkalis, amine; iron, tin, copper, their salts; or their catalysts (such as triphenylarsenic oxide, triethylphosphine, and tributyltin oxide). Exothermic reaction with water, producing carbon dioxide, highly flammable and air-reactive methylamine, dimethylurea and/or trimethyl biuret. The reaction with water is slow @ # 20C, but violent at elevated temperatures and/or in the presence of acids and bases. Elevated temperatures may cause explosive polymerization. This chemical usually contains inhibitors to prevent polymerization. Reacts with water, acids, alcohols, glycols, amines, amides, ammonia, caprolactum, caustics, strong oxidizers. Attacks some plastics, rubber or coatings. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber and coatings

• 廃棄物の処理

  Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Incineration in the presence of a flammable solvent. A flue gas scrubber is recommended as well.

メチルイソシアナート 上流と下流の製品情報

メチルイソシアナート スペクトルデータ(¹HNMR、¹³CNMR、ESR、IR1、IR2)

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