1-フルオロエテン

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Warning

• 危険有害性情報

  H221：可燃性/引火性の高いガス

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H319：強い眼刺激

  H335：呼吸器への刺激のおそれ

• 注意書き

  P210：熱/火花/裸火/高温のもののような着火源から遠ざ けること。－禁煙。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

1-フルオロエテン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 用途

  フィルム類(カラーアルミニウム、カラ-亜鉛鉄板用テープ、はく離テープ)、ラミネート複合材、腐食性塗料、電気?電子用材料の原料

• 説明

  Vinyl fluoride (VF) was first synthesized by Frederic Swarts, a Belgian chemist in 1901, by the reaction between zinc and 1,1-difluoro-2-bromoethane. Modern preparation involves the reaction of acetylene and hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the presence of a mercury- or aluminum-based catalyst. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) listed VF as a highproduction- volume chemical in 1990. According to National Toxicology Program (NTP), 2005, the annual production of VF in the United States was above 1 million pounds (454 000 kg) in 1990 and approximately 3.3 million pounds (1.5 million kg) in 2001.

• 化学的特性

  Vinyl fluoride is a colorless gas.

• 使用

  Vinyl fluoride is used primarily in the production of polyvinyl fluoride and other fluoropolymers. Polymers of vinyl fluoride are resistant to weather and exhibit great strength, chemical inertness, and low permeability to air and water. Polyvinyl fluoride is laminated with aluminum, galvanized steel, and cellulose materials and is used as a protective surface for the exteriors of residential and commercial buildings. Polyvinyl fluoride laminated with various plastics has been used to cover walls, pipes, and electrical equipment and inside aircraft cabins (IARC 1995).

• 調製方法

  The first preparation of VF in the early 1900s was by reacting zinc with 1,1-difluoro-2-bromomethane.
  VF was considered to be a high production volume chemical according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency with annual production exceeding 1million lb in 1990. In 2001, annual U.S. production was estimated approximately 3.3 million lb. In 1994, VF was produced by one company each in Japan and the United States. More recently, only one U.S. manufacturer of VF was identified . Information on European manufacturer is not available.
  The modern production is by the addition of hydrogen fluoride to acetylene over a mercury- or aluminum-based catalyst.

• 製造方法

  Vinyl fluoride may be obtained from acetylene by either of the two following routes:
  

  

  
  In the first method, acetylene is heated with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst of mercuric chloride on charcoal at about 40??C to yield vinyl fluoride directly. In the second method, acetylene is treated with an excess of hydrogen fluoride to form difluoroethane which is then pyrolysed at about 700??C in a platinum tube to give vinyl fluoride, which is separated by distillation under pressure.
  Vinylidene fluoride is obtained from vinylidene chloride by the following route:
  

  

  
  In the first stage, vinylidene chloride undergoes addition with hydrogen chloride at about 30??C and atmospheric pressure in the presence of a FriedelCrafts type catalyst. The resulting trichloroethane is then treated with hydrogen fluoride at about 180??C and 3 MPa (30 atmospheres) in the presence of antimony pentachloride to give chlorodifluoroethane. Pyrolysis of this product yields vinylidene fluoride. Vinylidene fluoride is a gas, b.p. -84??C.

• 一般的な説明

  A colorless gas with a faint ethereal odor. Shipped as a confined liquid under its vapor pressure. Any leak can either be liquid or vapor. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. Easily ignited. Vapors are heavier than air. Can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.

• 空気と水の反応

  Highly flammable, reacts with air to form peroxides

• 反応プロフィール

  VINYL FLUORIDE is light sensitive, peroxidizable monomer may initiate exothermic polymerization of the bulk material [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 958]. Sensitive to many oxidants.

• 健康ハザード

  Inhalation of vapor causes slight intoxication, some shortness of breath. Liquid may cause frostbite of eyes or skin.

• 安全性プロファイル

  Confirmed carcinogen. A poison. Mutation data reported. A very dangerous fire hazard. To fight fire, stop flow of gas. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of F-. See also FLUORIDES.

• 職業ばく露

  Vinyl fluoride’s primary use is as a chemical and polymer intermediate; used to make polyvinyl fluoride (Tedlar) film. Polyvinyl fluoride film is characterized by superior resistance to weather, high strength; and a high dielectric constant. It is used as a film laminate for building materials and in packaging electrical equipment. Polyvinyl fluoride film poses a hazard, so it is not recommended for food packaging. Polyvinyl fluoride evolves toxic fumes upon heating.

• 発がん性

  Vinyl fluoride is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

• 環境運命予測

  VF is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. The gas-phase of VF is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. The half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days as calculated from its rate constant of 5.56 × 10^-12 cm3 molecule sec-^-1 at 25°C. VF also reacts with atmospheric ozone, leading to its atmospheric degradation (estimated half-life of about 16 days). The Henry’s Law constant of VF (0.118 atmm3 mol1) indicates that VF is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces. Due to its volatile property, VF is not persistent in nature and adsorption to sediment is not considered to be a natural process for VF in water. The half-life for volatilization from a model river (1-m deep) and a model pond (2-m deep) are 2 and 23.5 h, respectively. VF is not expected to bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms as it has a bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 4.7, whereas a BCF value greater than 1000 is required for its significant bioaccumulation. As VF remains as a gas under normal conditions, it readily evaporates to the atmosphere when released into soil. When dissolved in an aqueous solution, VF is very mobile in soil. Lack of sufficient data prevents to predict its biodegradation fate in soils.

• 輸送方法

  UN1860 Vinyl fluoride, inhibited, Hazard Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-Flammable gas.

• 不和合性

  May polymerize. Inhibited with 0.2% terpenes to prevent polymerization. Violent reaction with oxidizers. May accumulate static electrical charges.

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