Description
Amprolium is an antiprotozoal agent used for the
prevention of coccidiosis in poultry.
Chemical Properties
solid
Uses
Coccidiostat (for poultry).
Uses
Amprolium is an oral coccidiostat, a thiamine analogue, which is used for the prevention and treatment of intestinal coccidiosis . It is used as a feed additive for livestock, sometimes administered in the food or drinking water of puppies and kittens, and in chickens and calves.
Definition
ChEBI: An organic chloride salt having 1-[(4-amino-2-propylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-2-methylpyridin-1-ium as the counterion. Used for prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and cattle.
Manufacturing Process
1.9 grams of p-toluene sulfonyl chloride was added gradually with shaking to
a cooled (0-5°C) solution of 1.67 grams of 2-n-propyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl
pyrimidine in 10 ml of 2-methylpyridine. The reaction mixture, after standing three hours in an ice bath, and 15 hours at room temperature, was
evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 20 ml of water,
acidified with hydrochloric acid and poured over a column of Amberlite IRA-
400 ion exchange resin on the chloride cycle. The eluate was evaporated to
dryness to give a residue of 1-(2-n-propyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidylmethyl)-2-
methyl pyridinium chloride hydrochloride. On recrystallization from a
methanol-ethanol mixture, the quaternary had melting point 246°C (dec.).
brand name
Amprol [Veterinary] (Merial);
Amprovine [Veterinary] (Merial); Corid [Veterinary]
(Merial).
Therapeutic Function
Coccidiostatic
Contact allergens
Amprolium is an antiprotozoal agent used for the prevention
of coccidiosis in poultry.
Side effects
Amprolium is considered one of the safest anticoccidial medications, and adverse reactions such as anorexia or diarrhoea may occur with high doses and prolonged use. Thiamine deficiency can cause central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, but can be reversed with the addition of thiamine to the diet. However, thiamine supplementation may affect the efficacy of the drug.
Safety Profile
When heated to
decomposition emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
