Description
Epioxytetracycline is a metabolite of Oxytetracycline. It has been found in swine manure compost and wastewater and is considered a pollutant. This highly pure metabolite can be used as a secondary reference standard during stability studies of oxytetracycline. It can also be used to study the degradation pathway and products of tetracyclines.
Uses
Epioxytetracycline is a degradation product of oxytetracycline formed by the epimerisation of the dimethylamino group at C4 in solution at neutral to acidic pH. The epimerisation is associated with a loss of antibiotic activity. Epioxytetracycline is an important standard for monitoring oxytetracycline stability.
Mode of action
Oxytetracycline causes inhibition of protein synthesis. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome.
In an acellular model system of protein synthesis using ribosomes from tetracycline-sensitive and resistant strains of E. coli in the synthesis of polyphenylalanine, Oxytetracycline showed inhibitory activity along with minocycline. 4-Epioxytetracycline and beta-apo-oxytetracycline had competing properties with respect to oxytetracycline at the stage of penetration through the cell membrane but did not, however, suppress the synthesis of polyphenylalanine.
References
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[2] BENT HALLING-SRENSEN J. T G Sengelv. Toxicity of Tetracyclines and Tetracycline Degradation Products to Environmentally Relevant Bacteria, Including Selected Tetracycline-Resistant Bacteria[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2002, 42 1: 263-271. DOI:
10.1007/s00244-001-0017-2.
[3] ANNE KRUSE LYKKEBERG . Quantitative analysis of oxytetracycline and its impurities by LC-MS-MS[J]. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2004, 34 2: Pages 325-332. DOI:
10.1016/S0731-7085(03)00500-4.
[4] RICHENG XUAN. Hydrolysis and photolysis of oxytetracycline in aqueous solution.[J]. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes, 2010, 45 1: 73-81. DOI:
10.1080/03601230903404556.
[5] HONGXING HAN. Impact of 4-epi-oxytetracycline on the gut microbiota and blood metabolomics of Wistar rats[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6 1. DOI:
10.1038/srep23141.
