Cupric nitrate trihydrate

Description

Cupric nitrate is the cupric salt of nitrate. Cupric nitrate has various applications: a major application is its conversion to copper oxide, a powerful catalyst organic chemistry. It can also be used in textiles and polishing agents of other metals. It can also be used to demonstrate chemical voltaic cell reactions in schools. During organic synthesis, it can be combined with acetic anhydride to be used as an effective reagent for nitration of aromatic compounds. Its hydrate form can catalyze oxidative coupling of 2, 6-dimethylphenol to produce a polymer which is an important engineering material. Its tri-hydrate form can catalyze the solvent-free synthesis of 3-aminopropenones and 3-aminopropenoates. Its pentahydrate form may be used in the preparation of novel coordination polymers. It also has applications in medicine, as an insecticide, in chemical analysis, in making light sensitive papers.

Chemical Properties

Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate, Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, [10031-43-3], MW 241.59, MP 114.5°C, d 2.32, is a deep blue deliquescent material that crystallizes as rhombic platelets.Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate is very soluble in water, 77.4 g/100 g solution, and in methanol and ethanol. The anhydrous salt has been prepared by reaction of copper metal with N2O4 in ethylacetate, but it is not available commercially.

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(II)_nitrate
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/229636?lang=en&region=US
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigald/61194?lang=en&region=US
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigald/223395?lang=en&region=US
https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/3023

Chemical Properties

Hygroscopic blue crystal with an order of nitric a

Uses

Analytical Reagent

Uses

Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate may be used in the preparation of the following mononuclear copper(II) complexes (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, dpq = dipyrido[3,2-d:2′,3′-f]quinoxaline and dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine):
[Cu(dpq)(NO3)2]
[Cu(dpq)(NO3)(H2O)2](NO3)
[Cu(dpq)(NO3)2(H2O)2]·2H2O
[Cu(dppz)(NO3)2(H2O)]·H2O

General Description

Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate is a hydrated copper salt. It participates as catalyst in the solvent-free synthesis of 3-aminopropenones and 3-aminopropenoates.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from weak aqueous HNO3 (0.5mL/g) by cooling from room temperature. The anhydrous salt can be prepared by dissolving copper metal in a 1:1 mixture of liquid NO2 and ethyl acetate and purified by sublimation [Evans et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 75 1023 1979]. The hexahydrate dehydrates to the trihydrate at 26o, and the anhydrous salt sublimes between 150 and 225o, but melts at 255-256o and is deliquescent.