ANTI-DPC4

Uses

Anti-SMAD4 antibody produced in rabbit, a Prestige Antibody, is developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project (www.proteinatlas.org). Each antibody is tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues. These images can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. The antibodies are also tested using immunofluorescence and western blotting. To view these protocols and other useful information about Prestige Antibodies and the HPA, visit .

General Description

The gene SMAD4 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4) is mapped to human chromosome 18q21.1. The protein localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus. SMAD4 is also referred as DPC4 (deleted in pancreatic carcinoma).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Upon TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) activation, SMAD (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog) proteins are responsible for transcription activation in the nucleus. SMAD4 is a crucial protein of TGFβ signaling. It promotes association of SMAD2/4 to DNA and helps SMAD1/2 in transcription stimulation. Mutations in SMAD4 are linked with juvenile polyposis syndrome, hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and Myhre syndrome. In renal cell carcinoma, it activates forkhead box protein H1 and thereby inhibits the progression of the carcinoma. SMAD4 is considered as a tumor suppressor protein.