Potassium periodate

Description

Potassium periodate (chemical formula: KIO4) is a kind of inorganic salt composed of a potassium cation and a periodate anion. It can be used for the determination of potassium and cerium owing to its low solubility of KIO4. It can be used an oxidizing agent, and as a source of oxygen. It can also be used for the determination of the concentration of other compounds through measuring the reaction between DPC (sc-202590) and KIO4. It can be synthesize through the oxidation of potassium iodate through chlorine and potassium hydroxide, or by the electrochemical oxidation of potassium iodate.

References

https://www.scbt.com/scbt/product/potassium-periodate-7790-21-8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_periodate

Chemical Properties

colourless crystals or white crystalline powder

Physical properties

Colorless tetragonal crystals; density 3.618 g/cm³; melts at 582°C; slightly soluble in water at ordinary temperatures, 0.42 g/100mL at 20°C; moderately soluble in hot water, 4.4 g/100mL at 80°C.

Uses

Powerful oxidizer in acid solution, oxidizing manganese Compounds to permanganate; used for this purpose in analytical chemistry (colorimetric estimation of Mn), also for the oxidation of some organic Compounds.

Uses

For the colorimetric determination of Mn (oxidizes manganese compounds to permanganates), as oxidizing agentPotassium periodate is used as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis and an analytical reagent for the determination of potassium and cerium. It is also used in colorimetric estimation of manganese. It reacts with ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate to prepare tris[trinitratocerium(IV)] paraperiodate which finds application as an oxidant.

Preparation

Potassium periodate can be prepared by oxidation of potassium iodate with a powerful oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate, chlorine or bromine in basic solution:
IO3ˉ+ Cl₂+ 2OHˉ→IO₄ˉ+ 2Clˉ+ H₂O
Also, the salt may be prepared by electrolysis.

Production Methods

Potassium periodate, KlO4, white solid, formed by electrolysis of potassium iodate under proper conditions.

General Description

Potassium (meta)periodate exhibits strong oxidizing properties in acidic medium.

Hazard

Fire risk in contact with organic materials, strong oxidizing agent. Strong irritant to tissue.

reaction suitability

reagent type: oxidant

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from distilled water. Its solubility in H2O is 0.2% at 0o, 0.4% at 20o, 4.4% at 80o. and 7.9% at 100o. [Hill Inorg Synth I 171 1939, Schmeisser in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 325 1963.]