General Description
Interleukins are proinflammatory cytokines produced on cell injury or trauma. There are two closely related types of interleukins produced by the cell, IL-1α and IL-1β that are produced by the activation of NF-κ B transcription factor in response to bacterial infection or LPS. Both IL-1α and IL-1β exert their cellular effects by signalling through IL-1 receptor type 1. The IL-1α precursor produced initially is cleaved by calpain to produce a 16 kDa propeptide and 17 kDa mature protein. A variety of cells such as macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, monocytes and dendritic cells secrete IL-1α. Both IL-1α and IL-1β are important in acquired immunity, inflammation, response to infection and production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The propeptide has nuclear localization sequence that enables it to shuttle to nucleus and activate transcription of target genes. The effects of IL-1α are mediated by activation of NF-κB, JNK and MAPK pathways that activated the genes in response to infection and inflammation.Overproduction of IL-1α has been implicated in inflammatory disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis
Monoclonal Anti-Interleukin-1a propeptide recognizes human Interleukin-1α propeptide. It does not cross-react with mature forms of mouse IL-1α or rabbit IL-1α.
