Description
2,3-Butanediol(23BD) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3CHOH). It is classified as a vic-diol (glycol). It exists as three stereoisomers, a chiral pair and the meso isomer. All are colorless liquids. Applications include precursors to various plastics and pesticides.
2,3-Butanediol is a commodity chemical usually produced from oil. It can be used as a precursor in the manufacture of a range of chemical products, including the solvents methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), and 1,3-butadiene.
Chemical Properties
viscous colourless liquid, or colourless to white solid
Uses
2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BD) is a promising bulk chemical with a potentially wide range of applications e.g., in the manufacture of printing inks, perfumes, synthetic rubber, fumigants, antifreeze agents, fuel additives, foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals. Its high heating value and ability to increase the octane number of fuels make 2,3-BD a promising drop-in fuel. It can also be converted to methyl-ethyl ketone (MEK), which is considered an effective liquid fuel additive. After combination with MEK and hydrogenation reaction, 2,3-BD can be converted to octane, which is used to produce high-quality aviation fuel.
Preparation
2,3-Butanediol is prepared by hydrolysis of 2,3-epoxybutane:
(CH3CH)2O + H2O → CH3(CHOH)2CH3
Definition
ChEBI: 2,3-Butanediol is a butanediol in which hydroxylation is at C-2 and C-3. It is a butanediol, a glycol and a secondary alcohol.
Reactions
2,3-Butanediol undergo dehydration to form butanone (methyl ethyl ketone):
(CH3CHOH)2 → CH3C(O)CH2CH3 + H2O
It can also undergo deoxydehydration to form butene:
(CH3CHOH)2 + 2 H2 → C4H8 + 2 H2O
General Description
2,3-Butanediol is a chiral compound which is extensively utilized in chemical feedstocks and liquid fuels.
Flammability and Explosibility
Non flammable
Safety Profile
Mildly toxic by
ingestion. See also ETHYLENE GLYCOL.
Flammable when exposed to heat or flame.
Incompatible with oxidizing materials. To
fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and fumes
Purification Methods
Recrystallise it from isopropyl ether at low temperature. [Beilstein 1 IV 2524.]
Toxics Screening Level
The Initial Threshold Screening Level for 2,3 butanediol is 15 μg/m3(annual averaging time).
