Health Hazard
Vanadate and vanadyl are known to cause adverse effects in mammals, including loss of body weight, gastrointestinal problems, reproductive toxicity and morbidity. However, their toxicity depends on a variety of factors such as the chemical form, oxidation state, route of administration and duration of exposure. Nevertheless, toxic effects of vanadate or vanadyl are observed only at dose levels significantly greater than usual uptake through diet.
