Biological Activity
The human p75 protein, similar to p52, is a non-TAF transcription coactivator th at mediates activator-dependent transcription by RNA polymerase II in vitro through most tested activators. Although p75 and p52 are derived from alternatively splicing of a single gene and share most coding sequence, they reveal different function in several aspects. In addition to functioning as a transcription coactivator, p75 has been shown to be involved in growth of epithelial cells as a lens epithelial cell-derived growth factor (LEDGF), and in pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis as an autoantigen.', 'The human p75 protein, similar to p52, is a non-TAF transcription coactivator th at mediates activator-dependent transcription by RNA polymerase II in vitro through most tested activators. Although p75 and p52 are derived from alternatively splicing of a single gene and share most coding sequence, they reveal different function in several aspects. In addition to functioning as a transcription coactivator, p75 has been shown to be involved in growth of epithelial cells as a lens epithelial cell-derived growth factor (LEDGF), and in pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis as an autoantigen.', 'p75 and p52 proteins associate with chromatin tightly and interact with other nuclear proteins, out of which multiple proteins are anchored by p75 to the chromatin fiber. Therefore, these proteins are involved in transcriptional regulation. Lentiviruses utilize the chromatin tethering capacity of this protein to integrate into the host chromosomes. p75 not only anchors HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) integrase to chromatin and prevents its degradation, but also promotes the genome-wide HIV integration. Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 oncogenes promote the expression of p75 in host cells, which in turn confers protection to HPV-positive cancer cells against different types of cellular stress, such as DNA damage.
