Chemical Properties
Dalmatian sage oil is obtained by steam distillation of the leaves of Salvia
officinalis L. (Lamiaceae). It is a yellowish to greenish-yellow liquid with a
warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor and taste.
d
2020 0.910–0.930; n
20D 1.4580–1.4740; α
20D +2 ° to +30 °; solubility 1 vol
in max. 2 vol 80% ethanol; carbonyl value: 103–288, corresponding to
carbonyl compound content of 28–78%, calculated as thujone; content by
GC: 18–43% α-thujone, 3–8.5% β-thujone, 5.5–13% 1,8-cineole, 3–8.5%
camphor. Additional constituents are mainly monoterpenoids.
Dalmatian sage oil is mainly produced in Eastern and Southeastern Europe.
It is used in pharmaceutical preparations and in perfumery to create dry,
spicy, herbaceous notes.
Chemical Properties
Obtained by steam distillation of the partially dried leaves with yields ranging from 0.5 to 1.0%. Depending on the growing site and even the harvesting time, the oils may exhibit widely different physical–chemical constants. The oil has a characteristic thujone odor. Dalmatian sage oil is considered the best quality. Dalmatian sage serves as the standard sage to which others are compared, as it is considered to possess the finest and most characteristic sage aroma. Sage oil, Spanish type (described below) is obtained from the plants of Salvia lavandulaefolia Vahl. or S. hispanorium Lag.
Physical properties
The oil is a mobile, almost colorless to pale-yellow liquid. It is soluble in most fixed oils and mineral oil. Frequently the solutions in mineral oil are opalescent. It is slightly soluble in propylene glycol and practically insoluble in glycerin.
Definition
Extractives and their physically modified derivatives. Salvia officinalis, Labiatae.
Essential oil composition
The oil contains α- and β-thujone, d-α-pinene, cineol, bornyl acetate, camphor and linalyl acetate. In addition, the dried product contains β-sitosterol and triterpenic acids. Thujones account for half of the composition of the oil.
