Production Methods
Commercial production of maleic hydrazide choline typically involves synthesising maleic hydrazide first, followed by its conversion into the choline salt form. Maleic hydrazide is produced via reacting hydrazine hydrate with diluted sulphuric acid in the presence of a rare earth trifluoromethanesulfonate catalyst. The next step is adding maleic anhydride to initiate a ring closure reaction, forming maleic hydrazide. The resulting product is then neutralised with an inorganic alkali to purify and stabilise the compound. The produced maleic hydrazide is then reacted with choline hydroxide or choline chloride to form the choline salt.
