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In a sustainable agriculture community, pheromone-based products have been used as low-risk alternatives to conventional pesticides. A pesticide is defined as any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest according to federal and state law. A pheromone used for mating disruption is classified as a pesticide because it prevents the pest from being able to mate, thus reducing or eliminating its propagation. The products may be applied either by ground or by air, depending on the size and geographic extent of the infestation. Pheromone dispensers used to manage coddling moth worldwide have been registered since 1991 in the United States.

Insect attractant.

The sex pheromone of the currant shoot borer Lampronia capitella.

ChEBI: 9Z,11E-Tetradecadienyl acetate is a carboxylic ester.

Naturally occurring pheromones are ubiquitous in the environment and not considered to be air pollutants. Pesticide products containing synthetic pheromones are used in a wide variety of places where plants grow, such as agricultural and residential sites and forests. There are general guidance and determinations provided by US EPA regarding environmental fate and behavior. However, the actual environmental behavior of a particular pheromone depends on specific climate condition and usage, which can vary by product design, site characteristics, and application method.

Historically, the US EPA has supported requests for waivers from the requirements of studies/data for acute mammalian toxicity and for non target organism testing for pheromones used in pesticide products. These data were waived based on the following criteria: (1) low toxicity in animal testing; (2) expected low exposure to humans; (3) no expected risk to human health; (4) no reported adverse effects during more than 10 years of use as pesticides; and (5) no expected adverse effects to non target organisms. SCLPs are considered sufficiently similar as a group and toxicological data of one member can be applied to others in the same group.