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Glycerophospholipids act as regulators of various enzyme activities, and can be used as biological markers to indicate pathological states.

Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) acts as a second messenger. IP3 is capable of liberating calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum. IP3 helps to modulate the interaction between IP3R-binding protein released with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IRBIT) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R).