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GHK-Cu acetate is a complex of the tripeptide Gly-His-Lys and a copper(II) ion that has wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. It increases proliferation and the levels of collagen and secreted pro-matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in isolated human fibroblasts. GHK-Cu increases levels of collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and the expression of decorin in the wound tissue of rats. It decreases LPS-induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM.3 GHK-Cu (10 μg/g) prevents LPS-induced decreases in lung superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) levels and reduces LPS-induced increases in the number of cells and the level of total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in a mouse model of acute lung injury.

Copper tripeptide (GHK-Cu) acetate is a tripeptide. During wound healing, Copper tripeptide acetate may be freed from existing extracellular proteins via proteolysis and serves as a chemoattractant for inflammatory and endothelial cells. Copper tripeptide acetate has been shown to increase messenger RNA production for collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans in fibroblasts. Copper tripeptide acetate is a natural modulator of multiple cllular pathways in skin regeneration[1].

[1] Pollard JD, et al. Effects of copper tripeptide on the growth and expression of growth factors by normal and irradiated fibroblasts. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2005 Jan-Feb;7(1):27-31. DOI:10.1001/archfaci.7.1.27