Chemical Properties
Powder
Uses
A cell cycle arresting compound used in actin polymerization studies and cytological research
Uses
Cytochalasin D acts as an anti-hypertensive drug acting on human intestinal epithelial caco-2 cells. Also has activity in HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors used in the lowering of cholesterol. Actin inhib
itor, actin polymerization inhibitor affecting cell movement, growth, phagocytosis and even secretion.
Uses
Cytochalasin D is the most studied of the cytochalasins. Like most of the members of this mycotoxin class, cytochalasin D exhibits potent inhibition of actin filament function leading to cell death by apoptosis. This led to early investigation of the metabolite as an antitumor agent. Cytochalasin D has become one of the standard cellular probes for investigating the role of actin in cell biology.
Uses
Cytochalasin D is the most studied of the cytochalasins. Like most of the members of this mycotoxin class, cytochalasin D exhibits potent inhibition of actin filament function leading to cell death by apoptosis. This led to early investigation of the metabolite as an antitumour agent. Cytochalasin D has become one of the standard cellular probes for investigating the role of actin in cell biology.
Definition
ChEBI: An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a mycotoxin produced by Helminthosporium and other moulds which is cell permeable and a potent inhibitor of actin polymerisation and DNA synthesis.
General Description
Needles or fluffy white powder.
Reactivity Profile
CYTOCHALASIN D may be sensitive to exposure to heat. CYTOCHALASIN D can react with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids and strong bases. .
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for CYTOCHALASIN D are not available; however, CYTOCHALASIN D is probably combustible.
Biological Activity
Potent disruptor of actin filament function. Alters tight junction permeability. Unlike cytochalasin B, does not inhibit monosaccharide transport across the plasma membrane.
Description
Cytochalasin D (22144-77-0) is a potent inhibitor of actin polymerization which also causes the disruption of actin filaments. More potent that cytochalasin B (10-fold) and does not inhibit monosaccharide transport across cell membranes. Disruption of actin microfilaments leads to activation of p53. Cell permeable
Biochem/physiol Actions
Cell permeable fungal toxin; potent inhibitor of actin polymerization. Disrupts actin microfilaments and activates the p53-dependent pathways causing arrest of the cell cycle at the G1-S transition. Inhibits smooth muscle contraction. Inhibits insulin-stimulated, but not basal, transport of glucose.
target
p38MAPK | PI3K | Akt | Calcium Channel | ATPase
storage
Store at -20°C, protect from light
References
1)) Goddetteand et al. (1986), Actin polymerization. The mechanism of action of cytochalasin D; J. Biol. Chem., 261 15974
2) Rubtsova et al. (1998), Disruption of actin microfilaments by cytochalasin D leads to activation of p53; FEBS Lett., 430 353
