Uses
Indolmycin is a highly selective antibiotic which acts as a tryptophan anti-metabolite. Recent research has shown that indolmycin is active against Mycobacteria and H. pylori, and can stimulate transcription in Escherichia coli.
Definition
ChEBI: A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted at the 2 and 5-pro-S positions by methylamino and [(1R)-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl] gro
ps, respectively.
Biological Activity
indolmycin is an antibiotic.tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (trprs) catalyzes activation of tryptophan through atp and transfer to trnatrp , leading to translation of the genetic code for tryptophan.
in vitro
indolmycin was found to ba a bacteriostatic that showed good activity against methicillin-resistant s. aureus, methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-intermediate s. aureus, including strains resistant to mupirocin or fusidic acid. spontaneous indolmycin-resistant mutants was observed at a lower frequency than those selected by mupirocin or fusidic acid and exhibited no cross-resistance with the comparative drugs. high-level resistance of indolmycin at its mic of 128 mg/l that was associated with an h43n mutation in tryptophanyl-trna synthetase, the target enzyme of indolmycin, led to loss of bacterial fitness. however, the locus responsible for low-level indolmycin resistance (indolmycin mics 8-32 mg/l) was not identified [1].
in vivo
animal study found that indolmycin could completely clear h. pylori in experimentally infected mongolian gerbils at a dose of 10 mg/kg. therefore, indolmycin could be regarded as a candidate for the treatment of h. pylori infection [2].
IC 50
30 μm for prokaryotic tryptophanyl-trna synthetase
References
[1] hurdle jg, o'neill aj, chopra i. anti-staphylococcal activity of indolmycin, a potential topical agent for control of staphylococcal infections. j antimicrob chemother. 2004 aug;54(2):549-52. epub 2004 jul 8.
[2] vecchione jj, sello jk. a novel tryptophanyl-trna synthetase gene confers high-level resistance to indolmycin. antimicrob agents chemother 2009; 53: 3972-3980.
