161491-04-9

(–)-L-threo-PDMP is a ceramide analog and one of the four possible stereoisomers of PDMP . L-threo-PDMP is an enhancer of ganglioside biosynthesis. It increases glucosylceramide synthase activity by 4 and 8% when used at concentrations of 5 and 2.5 μM, respectively, in an enzyme assay. L-threo-PDMP increases the activity of ganglioside GM₃, GD₃, and GQ_1b synthases and increases the levels of glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, and ganglioside GM₃ in B16 melanoma cells. It inhibits the growth of MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, SK-BR-3 cells with IC₅₀ values of 4, 7, and 6 μM, respectively. L-threo-PDMP increases neurite outgrowth and synapse formation in vitro and improves retention of a long-term memory learned prior to forebrain ischemia in rats when administered following ischemia at a dose of 40 mg/kg per day. The L-threo-PDMP isomer is the glucosylceramide synthetase stimulatory component of DL-threo-PDMP , while D-threo-PDMP is the inhibitory component. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1749]

(?)-L-threo-PDMP hydrochloride is the hydrochloride form of (?)-L-threo-PDMP. L-threo-PDMP is a glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor. L-threo-PDMP stimulates the proliferation of cultured aortic smooth muscle cells, and that increases the level of LacCer in B16 melanoma cells[1][2].

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[1] Mitchell SA, et al. Glycosyltransferase Inhibitors: Synthesis of D-threo-PDMP, L-threo-PDMP, and Other Brain Glucosylceramide Synthase Inhibitors from D-or L-Serine. The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 1998, 63(24): 8837-8842.
[2] Chatterjee S, et al. Studies of the action of ceramide-like substances (D- and L-PDMP) on sphingolipid glycosyltransferases and purified lactosylceramide synthase. Glycoconj J. 1996 Jun;13(3):481-6. DOI:10.1007/BF00731481