11141-17-6

Off-white, yellowish powder or dark brown emulsifiable concentrate.

A tetranortriterpinoid isolated from the seeds of the neem tree. Highly active insect feeding deterrent and growth regulator. Isolation from A. indica and identification as feeding inhibitor in locus ts. Used experimentally as insect control agent.

ChEBI: A member of the family of azadirachtins that is isolated from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica).

Experimentally as insect control agent.

Insecticides, Nematicide: Azadirachtin is an extract of fruit from the Neem tree, which is largely grown in India. It is used as a commercial insect growth regulator that controls the metamorphosis process as the insect passes from the larva stage to the pupa stage. The Neem tree also yields extracts from its bark, leaves and wood that are used in medicine and cosmetics.

ALIGN®; AZATIN EC®; AZATIN®-XL PLUS; AZATROL EC®; AMAZIN® ECOZIN® EI- 783®; MARGOSAN-O®; NEEM®; NEEMAZAL®; ORNAZIN® SALANNIN®; SUPERNEEM®; TURPLEX®

Biological tetranortriterpinoid insecticide; insect growth regulator. A natural product extracted from seeds of the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica).

Eyes: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim’s eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim’s eyes without specific instructions from a physician. Immediately transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. Skin: Immediately flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, immediately call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. Inhalation: Immediately leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Azadirachtin 327 breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, SCBA (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. Ingestion: Do Not induce vomiting. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and immediately call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim’s airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. Do Not induce vomiting. Immediately transport the victim to a hospital.

UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.

Powder or liquid may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, reducing agents and metals, acid chlorides, alkalis, alkali metals, high heat, including sunlight.

Kernel extracts from the Indian neem tree (Azadirachta indica) have insecticidal and insect-repellent properties. The key active ingredient is azadirachtin, a nortriterpenoid that exhibits insect growth regulator effects but no adulticidal activity.

Waste product may be disposed of onsite (open dumping may be prohibited) or at an approved waste disposal facility. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

Triterpenoid found in need tree seeds, azadiractin suppresses feeding by many insect species and disrupts growth of most insect and other arthropod species, while having very low mammalian toxicity. Promising as a natural pesticide.

The natural insecticide azadirachtin is most stable in mildly acidic solutions between pH 4 and 6 at room temperature and unstable in alkaline and strong acidic conditions. While azadirachtin is relatively stable to heating in the seeds or as a pure solid, it is rapidly destroyed or altered by heating in aqueous solution and methanol. In methanol at 90°C, it is quantitatively converted to 3-acetyl-1-tigloylazadirachtinin.

Store at -20°C

After 90 hours exposure to UV radiation, very little azadirachtin (l)its 3- acetyl derivative and 22,23-dihydroazadirachtin remained intact. However, these compounds retained biological activity, and at least 200 hours irradiation was necessary to reduce the biological activity of 1. It is suggested that the effect of ultraviolet radiation is confined to the tigloyl residue which is common to these three compounds and which may undergo cis-trans isomerisation, rearrangement, etc. without significant effect on the biological activity of the molecule, because reduction or removal of the tigloyl residue causes only limited reduction in biological activity of the parent (Barnby ef al., 1989).
Azadirachtin was hydrolysed readily in several buffers (pH 4.1-8.1) and natural waters (pH 6.2,7.3,8.0 and 8.1) at 35 °C and its disappearance followed pseudo-first-order kinetics (Szeto and Wan, 1996). Rates of disappearance of the parent were faster in basic than in acidic solution (DT₅₀ was 12 hours at pH 8 and 206 hours at pH 6) and the compound is not expected to be persistent in water.

Azadirachtin acts on insect gustatory receptors to inhibit feeding, and also interferes with development by inhibiting synthesis of the neuropeptide that triggers ecdysone release. The molecular targets mediating these effects are not known.

Azadirachtin is practically non-toxic to mammals, birds and plants. It is moderately toxic to aquatic invertebrates, but exposure is negligible due to low application rates and rapid degradation. Since it is only active by ingestion of treated foliage, exposure of non-target insects and honeybees is minimal.