1020180-01-1

PDINN, while compared with PDINO, can provide better contact with the electrodes and non-fullerene active layers to give higher conductivity. PDINN also can reduce the work functions (WFs) of the metal cathode, making it a better candidate to use as cathode interlayer materials (CIMs) in non-fullerene OSCs with air stable metal cathode, such as Ag and Cu, to improve the device stability.