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外観
無色澄明の液体
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溶解性
水に易溶, アルコールに可溶。水及びエタノールと任意の割合で混和する。
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解説
塩酸ヒドロキシルアミン，無色の単斜晶系結晶．[NH3OH]＋ を含むイオン結晶．密度約1.68 g cm－3．N-O約1.45 Å，N…Cl約3.16，3.21，3.23 Å．融点152 ℃(分解)．湿気のある空中では徐々に分解する．水，液体アンモニアに易溶，メタノール，エタノールに可溶，エーテルに不溶．水溶液中でしだいに分解していく．還元性がある．ケトン，アルデヒドとオキシムをつくる．ヒドロキシルアミンの原料，合成，分析用試薬に用いられる．そのほか，写真用還元剤，せっけん，脂肪酸の酸化防止剤，酵素の再活性化剤などにも用いられる．
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用途
半導体の剥離剤，医薬?カプロラクタム原料
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用途
還元剤、医薬品原料
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用途
比色分析のための鉄及び銅の還元剤。
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用途
有害金属の原子吸光分析における還元剤。
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用途
還元剤、酸化防止剤、調製液添加剤、有機合成原料。
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製造
塩化ヒドロキシルアンモニウム：[NH3OH]Cl(69.49)．塩酸ヒドロキシルアンモニウム(hydroxylamine chloride)ともいう．硝酸を電解還元後，HClを反応させるか，(NH3OH)2SO4水溶液にBaCl2を作用させると得られる．
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使用上の注意
潮解性あり。
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説明
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is a reducing agent that is routinely used for the deacetylation of SATA to form free sulfhydryls (Figure 1), for cleavage of protein cross‐linkers that contain carbonyl groups (i.e. EGS) and for mutagenesis of plasmid DNA.
Hydroxylamine converts aldehydes and ketones (carbonyls) to their oxime derivative in weak bases, therefore cross‐linkers and other compounds with carbonyl groups are cleavable with Hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
SATA and SATP are modification reagents that add a sulfhydryl group to primary amines on biomolecules. The initial modification results in the addition of an acetyl‐protected sulfur enabling storage of the biomolecule. To generate a free sulfhydryl the biomolecule is treated with hydroxylamine to remove the protecting acetyl group (see figure).
EGS and sulfo‐EGS are homobifunctional, succinimidyl ester, amine reactive crosslinkers that are resistant to cleavage by denaturants used in SDS‐PAGE conditions, but may be cleaved with hydroxylamine.
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化学的特性
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride(NH2OH.HCl) is an inorganic compound that is the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine. It is highly hygroscopic and decomposes when exposed to dampness above 151℃. This compound is primarily used as a reducing agent and imaging agent and is instrumental in the preparation of oximes in organic synthesis. It can convert aldehydes and ketones to oximes and acid chlorides to hydroxamic acids. However, This product is highly toxic and irritating to the skin.
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物理的性質
It is a colorless monoclinic crystal that is hygroscopic and decomposes slowly in moist air. It has a density of 1.67 g/cm3 at a temperature of 17°C and melts at 151°C with decomposition. It is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of 84g/100g at 20°C, and is also soluble in lower alcohols and glycols. A 0.1 molar solution of this substance has a pH of 3.4.
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使用
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is a monomoamine oxidase inhibitor. It is used to prepare oximes and hydroxmic acids in organic synthesis. It acts as a copolymerization inhibitor. It can be used to remove bromine and polybromide from a solution during extraction of lignin from lignocellulosic biomass. It is key starting material for the preparation of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. It plays a vital role in rubber and plastic industries as an antioxidant, a vulcanization accelerator and a radical scavenger. It is also used as a color stabilizer and emulsion additive in color films.
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定義
ChEBI: Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is an organic molecular entity. It is a colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent, due to its ability to donate nitric oxide.
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製造方法
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is prepared by electrolytic reduction of ammonium chloride. Or by the action of nitromethane with hydrochloric acid and water to obtain hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
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生物学的応用
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is a strong reducing agent that is useful in biochemical crosslinking applications, including the deacetylation of SATA and chemical cleavage of EGS and Sulfo-EGS. Hydroxylamine converts carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) to their oxime derivatives in the presence of a weak base. Therefore, crosslinkers and other compounds that contain a carbonyl within their structure are cleavable with hydroxylamine?HCl.
MAN0011201_HydroxylamineHCl_UG.pdf
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一般的な説明
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride appears as colorless or off-white crystalline solid. pH (0.1 molar aqueous solution) 3.4. pH (0.2 molar aqueous solution) 3.2. (NTP, 1992)
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空気と水の反応
Hygroscopic. Sensitive to prolonged exposure to air. Water soluble. Reacts slowly with water.
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反応プロフィール
A powerful reducing agent. Reacts with bases and oxidizing agents.
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危険性
Toxic by ingestion, strong irritant to tissue.
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火災危険
Flash point data for Hydroxylamine hydrochloride are not available; however, Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is probably combustible.
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接触アレルゲン
Hydroxylamine and its salts are used in various
branches of industry, as reducing agents in color film
developers or as reagents in laboratories.
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純化方法
Crystallise the salt from aqueous75% ethanol or boiling methanol, and dry it under vacuum over CaSO4 or P2O5. It has also been dissolved in a minimum of water and saturated with HCl; after three such crystallisations, it is dried under a vacuum over CaCl2 and NaOH. Its solubility at 20o is 85% in H2O, 6% in EtOH and 12% in MeOH. [Hurd Inorg Synth I 87 1939, Semon in Org Synth Coll Vol I 318 1941.]
