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外観
無色～わずかにうすい黄色, 澄明の液体
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溶解性
水に微溶, エタノール, エーテルに易溶。エタノール及びアセトンに溶けやすく、水に溶けにくい。
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用途
医薬品、セルロースプロピオナートの合成原料の用途が主だが、香料、顔料、農薬の合成原料、脱水剤としても用いられる。
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化学的特性
Propionic anhydride is a colorless liquid. Strong, pungent, unpleasant odor. Soluble in methanol, ethanol, ether, chloroform and alkali, decomposes in water.
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使用
Propionic anhydride is used as a esterifying agent for certain perfume oils, fats, oils, and especially cellulose and as a reagent in organic synthesis. In the production of alkyd resins, dyestuffs and drugs. Has been used as a dehydrating agent in some sulfonations and nitrations.
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主な応用
Propionic anhydride was previously used in the preparation of α and β-1-propionyl derivatives of glucopyranose tetra-acetate.
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一般的な説明
Propionic anhydride is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH3CH2CO)2O. it is an colorless acid anhydride that is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis.
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空気と水の反応
Decomposes exothermically in water to form a corrosive solution of propionic acid [Merck, 11th ed. 1989].
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反応プロフィール
Propionic anhydride reacts exothermically with water. The reactions are sometimes slow, but can become violent when local heating accelerates their rate. Acids accelerate the reaction with water. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, and bases.
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危険性
Strong irritant to tissue.
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健康ハザード
Inhalation causes irritation of eyes and respiratory tract. Contact with liquid causes burns of eyes and skin. Ingestion causes burns of mouth and stomach.
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火災危険
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.
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安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Mildly toxic by skin contact. A
corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous
membranes. Combustible when exposed to
heat or flame; can react with oxidizing
materials. To fight fire, use CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Used
as an esterifyng agent and dehydrating
agent. See also ANHYDRIDES.
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安全性
Propanoic anhydride is strong smelling and corrosive, and will cause burns on contact with skin. Vapour can burn eyes and lungs.
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職業ばく露
Used in the manufacture of perfumes,
flavorings, alkyd resins; dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals; as an
esterifying agent for fats, oils, and cellulose; dehydrating
medium for nitrations and sulfonations.
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輸送方法
UN2496 Propionic anhydride, Hazard class: 8;
Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
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純化方法
Shake the anhydride with P2O5 for several minutes, then distil. [Beilstein 2 IV 722.]
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不和合性
Vapors may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, perox-
ides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluo-
rine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides, reducing agents; alcohols and metals.
Contact with water forms heat 1 flammable propionic acid.
Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both
inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial
heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible
with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas),
diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercap-
tans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly
flammable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing
hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur).
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廃棄物の処理
Use a licensed professional
waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve
or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn
in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner
and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental
regulations must be observed.
