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外観
灰色の粉末
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溶解性
水に不溶。無機酸、水及びエタノールにほとんど溶けない。
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解説
【Ⅰ】二ホウ化チタン(titanium diboride)：TiB2(69.50)．二酸化チタン TiO2と三酸化二ホウ素 B2O3との混合物を，Cと加熱還元するか，さらにフッ化カルシウム CaF2，酸化カルシウムCaOを融剤として加えて溶融電解すると得られる．六方晶系．Bは平面六角形が二次元的に連続した黒鉛型構造をなし，その層間にTiが配列している．灰色の金属光沢の固体で，カーボランダムより硬度が大きく，高温でも耐酸化性が大きい．密度4.38 g cm－3．耐火材，高温電気伝導体，サーメットに用いられる．[CAS 12045-63-5]【Ⅱ】ホウ化チタン(titanium monoboride)：TiB(58.69)．金属光沢のある固体．斜方晶系．Bは一次元のジグザグ鎖状．密度5.09 g cm－3．B-B約1.75 Å．分解温度2230 ℃．熱や電気伝導性が金属に近い．[CAS 12007-08-8]【Ⅲ】その他，Ti2B(106.57)は正方晶系．Ti2B5(149.82)は六方晶系．[CAS 12305-68-9:Ti2B]
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
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化学的特性
Titanium diboride (TiB2) a gray hexagonal crystal and It is a ceramic material with high hardness and strength, good thermal shock resistance, low resistance, and not easy to be corroded by molten metal.
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物理的性質
Gray crystals, superconducting
at 1.26 K. High-temperature
electrical conductor, used as
crucible material for handling
molten metals such as Al, Zn, Cd,
Bi, Sn, and Rb; strongly corroded
by liquid metals such as Ti, Zr, V,
Nb, Ta, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and
Cu. Begins to be oxidized in air
above 1100–1400°C. Corrosion
resistance in hot concentrated
brines. Maximum operating
temperature 1000°C (reducing)
and 800°C (oxidizing).
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使用
Titanium boride is used in seals wear parts and cutting tools. It is used to make ballistic armour due to its high hardness. It is used to constitute composite materials in which the presence of the material serves to increase strength and fracture toughness of the matrix.
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主な応用
Titanium diboride is a conductive composite material. Making conductive boron nitride (evaporation boat) with Titanium boride (TiB2) and boron nitride (BN) is the main component of vacuum aluminum plating equipment. It can also be used as an important component of multi-component composite materials. Titanium boride can be combined with TiC, TiN, SiC and other materials to form composite materials for cutting tools. It can also be used as a component to make armor protection materials. The best material for components and functional devices. TiB2 is used to metallurgical additive, high-temperature electrical conductor, refractory, cermet component, coatings resistant to attack by molten metals, aluminum manufacture, super alloys.Used as a cathode material in aluminum smelting and can be shaped by electrical discharge machining. Specialized applications in such areas as impact resistant armor, cutting tools, crucibles, neutron absorbers and wear resistant coatings.
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製造方法
Synthesis of titanium diboride through reduction of titanium dioxide by boron carbide and carbon, and its reaction equation
2TiO2+B4C+3C=2TiB2+4CO
Vapor Deposition
Using TiCl4 and BCl3 as raw materials, with the participation of H2, the deposition temperature is 800 ~ 1000 ℃, abrasive-grade and electronic-grade products can be obtained. The reaction equation
TiCl4+2BCl3+5H2=TiB2+10HCl
