tert-ブチルジメチルクロロシラン

外観

白色～ほとんど白色粉末～結晶

用途

ガスクロマトシリル化用。

化学的特性

tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in many organic solvents but reacts with water and alcohols.It is an organosilicon compound that can be used as a versatile protecting reagent for alcohols, amines, amides, and various carboxylic acids.

製造方法

tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (TBSCI) was synthesized by the reaction of tert-butyllithium with dichlorodimethylsilane.
The pentane solution of dichlorodimethylsilane was cooled to 0°C, and the pentane solution of tert-butyllithium was added dropwise with stirring under nitrogen. The temperature was maintained at 0 °C, stirred for 1.5 h and then heated to 25 °C, and the reaction was continued for 48 h. Distillation, collect 125 ℃ (97.5kPa) fractions, stand to solidify, and obtain tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride. Yield 70%.

主な応用

Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride is a sterically hindered organosilicon protective agent, which is widely used in the synthesis of original drugs. It is used as a protective group for hydroxyl in the synthesis of ribonucleosides, and is also an oxidant and decyanide.
t-Butyldimethylchlorosilane is useful as an anion trapping reagent. For example, TBDMSCl was found to be an efficient trap of the lithio α-phenylthiocyclopropane anion.When dichlorothiophene was treated with 2 equiv of n-butyllithium followed by 2 equiv of TBDMSCl the di-TBDMS-thiophene was isolated. The lithium anions of primary (eq 1) and secondary (eq 2) nitriles were trapped with TBDMSCl to give C,N-disilyl- and Nsilylketenimines in excellent yields.

Silyl stannanes have been prepared by trapping tin anions with TBDMSCl or other silyl chlorides. Alkynes treated with silyl stannanes and catalytic tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) give cis-silyl stannylalkenes in good yields.

定義

ChEBI: Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride is a silyl chloride consisting of a central silicon atom covalently bound to one chloro, one tert-butyl and two methyl groups. tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride is a derivatisation agent used in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry applications. It has a role as a chromatographic reagent.

反応性

tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride reacts with alcohols in the presence of base to give tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers:
(Me3C)Me2SiCl + ROH → (Me3C)Me2SiOR + HCl
These silyl ethers hydrolyze much more slowly than the trimethylsilyl ethers.

危険性

Moderately toxic.

純化方法

Fractionally distil it at atmospheric pressure. [Sommer & Tyler J Am Chem Soc 76 1030 1954, Corey & Venkateswarlu J Am Chem Soc 94 6190 1972, Beilstein 4 IV 4076.]