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外観
白色〜黄色, 結晶〜粉末
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溶解性
水溶状：試験適合
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用途
アミノグリコシド系抗生物質
です。細菌リボソーム 30S と結合し、タン
パク質合成を阻害します。グラム陽性、グラ
ム陰性菌に対して抗菌作用を示します。抗条
虫剤としても用いられています
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効能
抗生物質, 抗アメーバ薬, タンパク質合成阻害薬
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商品名
アメパロモ (ファイザー)
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説明
Paromomycin was found in the culture broth of Streptomyces rimosus forma paromomycinus by Parke Davis & Co. in 1959. In the same year it was found in the culture broth of S. Crestomyceticus by Farmitalia and named amminosidin. Paromomycin is related structurally to neomycin, but it has a hydroxyl group at the 6 position, whereas neomycin has an amino group. Its antibacterial activity is weaker than that of neomycin, but its toxicity is much less. Paromomycin is used by intramuscular injection for therapy of respiratory, urinary, and surgical infections and by oral administration to treat dysentery and salmonellosis.
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化学的特性
PAROMOMYCIN SULFATE is White to Off-White Solid
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使用
PAROMOMYCIN SULFATE is an aminogycoside antibiotic designed to fight intestinal infections such as cryptosporidiosis, amoebiasis, and leishmaniasis. Its antiprotozoal activity makes it an effecive histomonostatic feed addit ive in turkey poults experimentally infected with Histomonas meleagridis.
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定義
ChEBI: An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the treatment of paromomycin with sulfuric acid. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoa
infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.
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一般的な説明
Chemical structure: aminoglycoside
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臨床応用
The isolation of paromomycin (Humatin) was reported in1956 from a fermentation with a Streptomyces sp. (PD04998), a strain said to resemble S. rimosus very closely.The parent organism had been obtained from soil samplescollected in Colombia. Paromomycin, however, moreclosely resembles neomycin and streptomycin in antibioticactivity than it does oxytetracycline, the antibiotic obtainedfrom S. rimosus.
Paromomycin has broad-spectrum antibacterial activityand has been used for the treatment of GI infections causedby Salmonella and Shigella spp., and enteropathogenic E.coli. Currently, however, its use is restricted largely to thetreatment of intestinal amebiasis. Paromomycin is soluble inwater and stable to heat over a wide pH range.
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安全性プロファイル
Poison by intravenous,subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes. Mildly toxic byingestion. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumesof SOx and NOx.
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純化方法
Purify it by dissolving it in H2O (0.5g/10mL) and adding excess EtOH, filter or collect and wash with EtOH, then Et2O by centrifugation, and dry it in vacuo. An aqueous solution is stable at 37o for a week but longer at 0-5o. The free base [7542-37-2] is a white amorphous powder which should be stored under N2 because it is strongly basic and can absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. It is soluble in MeOH (less soluble in EtOH) and has [] D 25 +65o (c 1.5, MeOH). It is an antimicrobial against Gram +ve and Gram –ve bacteria and is antiamoebic. It inhibits initiation and peptide elongation during protein synthesis. [Haskell et al. J Am Chem Soc 8 1 , 3480, 3482 1959, Hichens & Rinehart J Am Chem Soc 85 1547 1963, Beilstein 18 III/IV 7534.]
