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外観
白色〜わずかにうすい黄色, 結晶性粉末〜粉末
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溶解性
水、エタノール及びメタノールに溶け、アセトンにほとんど溶けない。
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効能
局所麻酔薬
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化学的特性
White Solid
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使用
Propitocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type,it is often used in dentistry. Prilocaine is also often combined with lidocaine as a preparation for dermal anesthesia (lidocaine/pril ocaine or EMLA), for treatment of conditions like paresthesia.
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定義
ChEBI: The monohydrochloride salt of prilocaine.
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生物学の機能
Prilocaine hydrochloride (Citanest) is an amide
anesthetic whose onset of action is slightly longer than
that of lidocaine; its duration of action is comparable.
Prilocaine is 40% less toxic acutely than lidocaine, making
it especially suitable for regional anesthetic techniques.
It is metabolized by the liver to orthotoluidine,
which when it accumulates, can cause conversion of hemoglobin
(HB+++ to methemoglobin (HB+++. Oxygen
transport is impaired in the presence of methemoglobinemia.
Treatment involves the use of reducing agents,
such as methylene blue, given intravenously, to reconvert
methemoglobin to hemoglobin.
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接触アレルゲン
Prilocaine in a local anesthetic of the amide group. It
can induce allergic contact dermatitis, particularly
from EMLA? cream.
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副作用
Common adverse reactions include bradycardia, hypotension, urticaria, edema, anaphylactoid reactions, lightheadedness, nervousness, euphoria, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, tinnitus. The safety and effectiveness of prilocaine depend on proper dosage, correct technique, adequate precautions, and readiness for emergencies.
