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外観
無色～わずかにうすい黄色, 澄明の液体
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溶解性
水に微溶 (2.5g/100g水, 20℃), エタノールに可溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
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解説
2-methylpropenenitrile．C4H5N(67.09)．CH2=C(CH3)CN．製造法としては，(1)図の構造をもつアセトンシアノヒドリンを塩化チオニル，または液体二酸化硫黄中で五酸化リンを用いて脱水する．
"(2)2-メチル-2-プロペニルアミンの脱水素，(3)イソブテンのアンモ酸化法，などがある．特臭のある液体．有毒．融点－35.8 ℃，沸点90.3 ℃，引火点13 ℃．d204 0.800．通常の有機溶剤に可溶．ラジカルまたはアニオン機構により単独重合または共重合する．合成ゴムの原料として，また，酸，アミド，アミン，エステルなどの合成原料として広く用いられる．[CAS 126-98-7]
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
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用途
樹脂合成用
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化学的特性
Methylacrylonitrile is a colorless liquid with
an odor like bitter almonds. It is reported that methacrylonitrile cannot be detected by its smell even at concentrations which are already dangerous for humans. Hence,
special attention must be given to ventilation and
estimations of the amount of poison present must be carried
out frequently.
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使用
This study reports the toxicity and metabolism of Methacrylonitrile (MeAN) in normal male Sprague-Dawley rats and those pre-treated with caffeine, alcohol or both. These results suggest that caffeine inhibited and alcohol enhanced toxicity and metabolism of MeAN.
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調製方法
1.Methyl acrylonitrile can be derived from isobutyraldehyde.
2.Methacrylonitrile can be produced by ammoxidation of isobutene. Its copolymerization
with methacrylic acid gives poly (methacrylimide), an engineering plastic commercialized
under the trade name Rohacell by R€ohm (Federal
Republic of Germany) .
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一般的な説明
A clear colorless liquid. Less dense than water. Flash point 55°F. Boiling point 195°F. Very be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. Used to make plastics and coatings.
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空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
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反応プロフィール
METHACRYLONITRILE is a colorless, flammable, toxic liquid. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. When heated to decomposition Methacrylonitrile emits toxic fumes of nitrile and oxides of nitrogen [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 829].
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危険性
Flammable. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation,
and skin absorption.
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健康ハザード
A lacrimator (causes tearing); an insidious poison which causes delayed skin reactions. Very readily absorbed through skin. Highly toxic.
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火災危険
Methacrylonitrile evolves flammable concentrations of vapor at temperatures down to 55.04F. Thus, at room temperatures, flammable concentrations are liable to be present. Toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides are released when the material burns. Also, the chemical will explode due to its tendency to polymerize violently. Avoid heat. Hazardous polymerization may occur.
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安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
inhalation, skin contact, and intraperitoneal
routes. An eye irritant. A dangerous fire
hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or
sparks. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-. See also
NITRILES.
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職業ばく露
This material is used as a monomer
in the preparation of polymeric coatings and elastomers
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輸送方法
UN3079 Methacrylonitrile, stabilized, Labels:
6.1; Hazard class: 6.1, 3-Flammable liquid, Inhalation
Hazard Zone B.
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純化方法
Wash it with saturated aqueous NaHSO3 (to remove inhibitors such as p-tert-butylcatechol), 1% NaOH in saturated NaCl and then with saturated NaCl. Dry it with CaCl2 and fractionally distil it under nitrogen to separate it from impurities such as methacrolein and acetone. [Beilstein 2 IV 1539.]
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不和合性
May form explosive mixture with air.
Methacrylonitrile evolves flammable concentrations of
vapor at temperatures down to 12.8C. Thus, at room temperatures, flammable concentrations are liable to be present. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,
peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkali,
and light. Heat sensitive; polymerization may occur due
to elevated temperature, visible light, or contact with
a concentrated alkali. Note: Typically contains 50 pm of monoethyl ether hydroquinone (662-62-8) as an inhibitor
to prevent polymerization.
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廃棄物の処理
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Add
alcoholic NaOH, then oxidize with sodium hypochlorite.
After reaction, flush to sewer with water
