ニトロフラントイン

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H302：飲み込むと有害

  H317：アレルギー性皮膚反応を起こすおそれ

  H334：吸入するとアレルギー、喘息または、呼吸困難 を起こすおそれ

• 注意書き

  P261：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P301+P312：飲み込んだ場合：気分が悪い時は医師に連絡する こと。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

ニトロフラントイン 価格

MSDS Information

• Nitrofurantoin

ニトロフラントイン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 外観

  黄色～黄褐色, 結晶性粉末～粉末

• 溶解性

  N ,N -ジメチルホルムアミドに溶け、水、エタノール及びアセトンにほとんど溶けない。

• 効能

  抗菌薬

• 化学的特性

  lemon yellow crystalline powder

• 使用

  A nitrofuran antibiotic with low resistance potential that is rapidly metabolized by mammals. Active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Nitrofurantoin is also a prooxidant that is cytotoxic due to the generation of intracellular H2O2. Antibacterial.

• 定義

  ChEBI: An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.

• 適応症

  Like nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin is an effective drug that acts on a number of Grampositive and Gram-negative microorganisms (staphylococci, streptococci, dysentery bacillus, colon bacillus, paratyphoid bacillus, and others). It is primarily used for treating infectious diseases of the urinary tract (pyelitis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis). Synonyms of this drug are furadonin, ituran, phenurin, urolong, cistofuran, nitrofurin, and many others.

• 抗菌性

  It is active against almost all the common urinary pathogens, except Proteus mirabilis. It is bactericidal.
  It antagonizes the activity of nalidixic acid and other quinolones in vitro, but this combination is unlikely to be used clinically.

• 獲得抵抗性

  Surprisingly for an agent that has been used for so long, resistance remains uncommon. R-factor-mediated resistance has been reported, but this appears to be very unusual. The mechanism of resistance seems to be a decreased nitroreductase activity in the target organism.
  There is cross-resistance within the nitrofuran group, but none with antibiotics of other chemical classes.

• 一般的な説明

  Odorless lemon yellow crystals or fine yellow powder. Bitter taste.

• 空気と水の反応

  Insoluble in water.

• 反応プロフィール

  Nitrofurantoin is sensitive to light. Nitrofurantoin is incompatible with alkalis. Nitrofurantoin is also incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong acids. Nitrofurantoin decomposes on contact with metals other than stainless steel and aluminum.

• 危険性

  Questionable carcinogen.

• 火災危険

  Flash point data for Nitrofurantoin are not available; however, Nitrofurantoin is probably combustible.

• 応用例（製薬）

  A synthetic compound available only for oral administration. There are three formulations, differing in their crystalline nature: microcrystalline, macrocrystalline, and a delayedrelease preparation containing a combination of the two. The macrocrystalline form is said to be less liable to give rise to the most common adverse event, nausea. However, pharmacokinetic and clinical trial evidence for this assertion is not very strong.
  It is slightly soluble in water (c. 200 mg/L) but more so in dilute alkali. Solubility in ethanol is modest (500 mg/L), but the compound dissolves very well in dimethylformamide (80 g/L). If packaged in light-resistant containers and kept at room temperature, it is stable for more than 5 years. The yellow solution should be kept in the dark.

• 臨床応用

  Acute dysuria and frequency
  Bacteriuria in pregnancy
  Prophylaxis of recurrent cystitis (reduced dosage)

• 安全性プロファイル

  Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects: peripheral motor nerve recording changes, ataxia, changes in urine composition, and hemolysis with or without anemia. Human reproductive effects by ingestion: spermatogenesis. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

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