Propan-1,2-diol

Bezeichnung:Propan-1,2-diol

CAS-Nr57-55-6

Englisch Name:Propylene glycol

CBNumberCB8485612

SummenformelC3H8O2

Molgewicht76.09

MOL-Datei57-55-6.mol

Synonyma

Propan-1,2-diol

1,2-Propandiol

Methylethylenglykol

Propan-1,2-diol physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-60 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt	187 °C (lit.)
Dichte	1.036 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Dampfdichte	2.62 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	0.08 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.432(lit.)
FEMA	2940 \| PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Flammpunkt	225 °F
storage temp.	Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Löslichkeit	Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
pka	14.49±0.20(Predicted)
Aggregatzustand	Viscous Liquid
Wichte	1.038 (20/20℃)1.036～1.040
Farbe	APHA: ≤10
PH	6-8 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Geruch (Odor)	at 100.00 %. odorless very slight alcoholic
Geruchsart	odorless
Explosionsgrenze	2.4-17.4%(V)
Wasserlöslichkeit	miscible
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
JECFA Number	925
Merck	14,7855
BRN	1340498
Dielectric constant	32.0
InChIKey	DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	-0.92
CAS Datenbank	57-55-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	Propylene glycol(57-55-6)
EPA chemische Informationen	Propylene glycol (57-55-6)

Sicherheit

S-Sätze:	24/25
WGK Germany	1
RTECS-Nr.	TY2000000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	779 °F
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	29053200
Giftige Stoffe Daten	57-55-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in Rabbit: 19400 - 36000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 20800 mg/kg

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Propylene glycol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE, GERUCHLOSE, HYGROSKOPISCHE, VISKOSE FLüSSIGKEIT.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuergefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: IIb (nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden) (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft nicht oder nur sehr langsam ein
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Kontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Verschüttete Flüssigkeit mit viel Wasser wegspülen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
C3H8O2; Propylenglycol, 1,2-Dihydoxypropan. Farblose, ölige Flüssigkeit mit charakteristischem aber schwachem Geruch und stechend süßlichem Geschmack. Hyroskopisch und mit Wasser unbegrenzt mischbar.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Nicht mit Oxidationsmitteln in Berührung bringen. Im dampf-/gasförmigen Zustand mit Luft explosionsfähig. Dämpfe schwerer als Luft.
LD50 (oral, Ratte) 20000 mg/kg
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Mit flüssigkeitsbindendem Material, z.B. Rench Rapid aufnehmen, der Entsorgung zuführen. Nachreinigen.
Kohlendioxid, Wasser, alkoholbeständiger Schaum, Pulver.
Brennbar. Dämpfe schwerer als Luft. Im Brandfall Entstehung gefährlicher Dämpfe möglich. Mit Luft Bildung explosionsfähiger Gemische möglich.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser und geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft.
Nach Verschlucken: Viel Wasser trinken lassen, Erbrechen auslösen, Arzt hinzuziehen. Magenspülung.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung sofort entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Halogenfreie organische Lösemittelabfälle.
Beschreibung
Propylene glycol is used as antifreeze in breweries and diaries, in the manufacture of resins, as a solvent, and as an emulsifier in food. It was present as an occupational sensitizer in the color-film developer Flexicolor.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Propylene glycol has a slight, characteristic taste. It is practically odorless. It absorbs moisture when exposed to moist air.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Propylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid.
Occurrence
Reported found in several varieties of mushrooms, roasted sesame seed, oat groats, parmesan cheese, cocoa, pecans and truffle.
Verwenden
Propylene Glycol is a humectant and flavor solvent that is a polyhy- dric alcohol (polyol). it is a clear, viscous liquid with complete solu- bility in water at 20°c and good oil solvency. it functions as a humectant, as do glycerol and sorbitol, in maintaining the desired moisture content and texture in foods such as shredded coconut and icings. it functions as a solvent for flavors and colors that are insoluble in water. it is also used in beverages and candy.
Verwenden
Used as a solvent.
Verwenden
Next to water, propylene glycol is the most common moisturecarrying vehicle used in cosmetic formulations. It has better skin permeation than glycerin, and it also gives a pleasant feel with less greasiness than glycerin. Propylene glycol is used as a humectant because it absorbs water from the air. It also serves as a solvent for anti-oxidants and preservatives. In addition, it has preservative properties against bacteria and fungi when used in concentrations of 16 percent or higher. There is a concern that propylene glycol is an irritant at high concentrations, though it appears to be quite safe at usage levels under 5 percent.
Definition
An alcohol in which the hydroxyl groups are attached to a carbon atom of a branched or straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Indications
Propylene glycol solution (40% to 60%, v/vCH2CH[OH]CH2OH, propylene glycol) applied to the skin under plastic occlusion hydrates the skin and causes desquamation of scales. Propylene glycol, isotonic in 2% concentration, is a widely used vehicle in dermatologic preparations. Hydroalcoholic gels containing propylene glycol or other substances augment the keratolytic action of salicylic acid. Keralyt gel consists of 6% salicylic acid, 19.4% alcohol, hydroxypropylcellulose, propylene glycol, and water and is an extremely effective keratolytic agent. Overnight occlusion is used nightly until improvement is evident, at which time the frequency of therapy can be decreased to every third night or once weekly. This therapy is well tolerated, is usually nonirritating, and has been most successful in patients with X-linked ichthyosis vulgaris. Burning and stinging may occur when applied to damaged skin. Patients with other abnormalities of keratinization with hyperkeratosis, scaling, and dryness may also benefit.
Vorbereitung Methode
Propylene glycol generally is synthesized commercially by starting with propylene, converting to the chlorohydrin, and hydrolyzing to propylene oxide, which is then hydrolyzed to propylene glycol. It can also be prepared by other methods.
synthetische
Manufactured by treating propylene with chlorinated water to form the chlorohydrin, which is converted to the glycol by treatment with sodium carbonate solution. It is also prepared by heating glycerol with sodium hydroxide.
Trademarks
Sentry Propylene Glycol (Union Carbide); Sirlene (Dow Chemical).
Aroma threshold values
Detection: 340 ppm
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Thick odorless colorless liquid. Mixes with water.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Water soluble.
Reaktivität anzeigen
1,2-Propanediol is hygroscopic. 1,2-Propanediol is sensitive to excessive heat (tends to oxidize at high temperatures). 1,2-Propanediol can react with oxidizing materials. 1,2-Propanediol is incompatible with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, chloroformates, and reducing agents. 1,2-Propanediol dissolves many essential oils. A mixture of 1,2-Propanediol with hydrofluoric acid and silver nitrate was put in a glass bottle which burst 30 minutes later.
Hazard
Toxic.
Health Hazard
Liquid may irritate eyes.
Brandgefahr
1,2-Propanediol is combustible.
Kontakt-Allergie
Propylene glycol is used as a solvent, a vehicle for topical medicaments such as corticosteroids or aciclovir, an emulsifier and humectant in food and cosmetics, and as antifreeze in breweries, in the manufactures of resins. It was present as an occupational sensitizer in the color film developer Flexicolor?. Patch tests in aqua are sometimes irritant.
Sicherheitsprofil
Slightly toxic by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: general anesthesia, convulsions, changes in surface EEG. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. An eye and human skin irritant. Mutation data reported. Combustible liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. May react with hydrofluoric acid + nitric acid + silver nitrate to form the explosive silver fulminate. To fight fire, use alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
mögliche Exposition
Propylene glycol is used as a solvent; emulsifying agent; food and feed additive; flavor, in manu- facture of plastics; as a plasticizer, surface-active agent; antifreeze, solvent, disinfectant, hydroscopic agent; coolant in refrigeration systems; pharmaceutical, brake fluid; and many others.
Carcinogenicity
Dewhurst et al. and Baldwin et al. in studies on the carcinogenicity of other chemicals used propylene glycol as the solvent. As a result they tested propylene glycol alone for carcinogenic activity in rats and mice. Dewhurst et al. used a single injection of 0.2 mL, whereas Baldwin et al. gave rats and mice three to five subcutaneous injections, amount not specified. In neither case were tumors observed during a period of about a year or 2 years .
Wallenious and Lecholm applied propylene glycol to the skin of rats three times a week for 14 months but found no tumor formation. Stenback and Shubik confirmed these findings when they applied propylene glycol at undiluted strength and as a 50 and 10% solution in acetone to the skin of mice during their lifetimes.
No tumors have been reported in the lifetime dietary feeding studies . In fact, Gaunt et al. specifically state that no tumors were found in the rats.
Environmental Fate
Propylene glycol can be released into the environment via industrial releases or by disposal of consumer products. Propylene glycol is readily soluble in water and has a low sorption partition coefficient (KOC), so has the ability to move through soil and to leach into ground water. Because of low vapor pressure (0.1 mmHg at 25°C) and high water solubility, there is minimal volatilization to the atmosphere from surface water releases as well as substantial removal of its vapors by wet deposition. Its low octanol/water partition coefficient (KOW) indicates that bioconcentration and biomagnification should not happen. Propylene glycol is readily degraded in surface water and soil, by chemical oxidation and microbial digestion, with a short half-life (1–5 days) in aerobic or anaerobic conditions. It is also rapidly degraded in the atmosphere by photochemical oxidation, with a half-life about 1 day. Although environmental releases can and do occur (airports must monitor storm water runoff of deicing solutions), human health effects are likely to be minor, at least in comparison to effects from potential exposures in clinical scenarios.
läuterung methode
Dry the diol with Na2SO4, decant and distil it under reduced pressure. [Beilstein 1 IV 2468.]
Toxicity evaluation
Propylene glycol has a low degree of toxicity in animals as well as humans, such that very high doses are needed to elicit effects in acute toxicity studies. The toxic effects of propylene glycol appear to be similar in animals and in humans. Central nervous system (CNS) depression, hematologic toxicity, hyperosmolarity, metabolic acidosis, cardiovascular effects, and renal toxicity encompass the main acute and subacute syndromes for propylene glycol. Most of the effects of propylene glycol can be ascribed to high concentrations of the parent molecule or to the accumulation of D,L-lactate in the blood. Due to its alcohol moiety, propylene glycol at very high concentrations is the most likely reason for the CNS depression. Also, because high concentrations of propylene glycol will increase the osmolarity of the blood, the hyperosmotic effects are likely due to the parent molecule. The cardiovascular and renal effects may be a result of the hyperosmolarity in combination with the metabolic acidosis. The acidosis itself results from the accumulation of lactate (both D- and L-forms), which has been well documented in both animals and humans.
Inkompatibilitäten
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo- sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong acids (especially nitric acid), strong bases, permanganates, dichromates; may cause a violent reaction.
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

Propylene glycol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Propan-1,2-diol Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

57-55-6, Propylene glycol Verwandte Suche:

Send Inquriy